实施2剂水痘疫苗免疫程序对水痘发病的影响  

Effect of 2 doses varicella vaccine immunization strategy implemented on chickenpox incidence

作　　者：邱传营 赵艳红[1] 史如晶[1] QIU Chuan-ying;ZHAO Yan-hong;SHI Ru-jing(Haidian District Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市海淀区疾病预防控制中心,100094

出　　处：《首都公共卫生》2021年第2期100-102,共3页Capital Journal of Public Health

摘　　要：目的分析北京市海淀区实施2剂水痘疫苗免疫程序前后水痘发病情况的变化,为制定科学合理的水痘疫苗接种程序,推进水痘疫情防控工作提供依据。方法收集海淀区2008-2019年“中国疾病预防控制信息系统”中报告的水痘发病资料及北京市免疫规划信息管理系统中适龄儿童第1剂和第2剂水痘疫苗的接种情况,对比分析实施2剂疫苗免疫程序前后水痘病例的流行病学特征。结果2008-2015年出生队列第1剂次水痘疫苗累计接种率为68.64%,第2剂次疫苗累计接种率为58.32%。水痘免疫接种程序调整后水痘年平均发病率(61.62/10万)明显低于程序调整前(101.04/10万),其中4~8岁组发病率显著降低,1~2岁组发病率升高。结论实施水痘2剂次免疫程序明显降低了水痘全人群发病率,对防控水痘疫情起到了很好的促进作用。Objective To analyze the changes of chickenpox incidence before and after the implementation of 2 doses varicella vaccine immunization strategy in Haidian district of Beijing,so as to provide reference for formulating scientific and reasonable varicella vaccination program and promoting the prevention and control of chickenpox.Methods The data of chickenpox incidence reported in the“China Information System for Disease Control and prevention”in Haidian district from 2008 to 2019 were collected.And the information of the first dose and the second dose of varicella vaccine in school-age children after the implementation of two doses of varicella vaccine was investigated by Beijing immunization planning information management system.The epidemiological characteristics of chickenpox cases before and after the implementation of two doses of vaccination program were compared and analyzed.Results The cumulative vaccination rate of the first dose of varicella vaccine in the birth cohort from 2008 to 2015 was 68.64%,and that of the second dose of varicella vaccine was 58.32%.The annual incidence rate of chickenpox after adjusting for varicella vaccine immunization strategy(61.62/10 million)was significantly lower than that before adjustment procedure(101.04/10 million),and incidence rate of chickenpox in group 4-8 was significantly lower than that in group 1-2 and age group.Conclusions The implementation of 2 doses of varicella vaccine immunization strategy has significantly reduced the incidence rate of chicken pox,and played a good role in preventing and controlling the outbreak of chickenpox.

关 键 词：水痘 2剂次疫苗 接种率 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]