儿童尿路感染病原菌106株分布及耐药性分析  

Distribution and drug resistance analysis of 106 strains of pathogenic bacteria of urinary tract infection in children

作　　者：吴静 李德欣[1] Wu Jing;Li Dexin(Department of Laboratory Medicine,First Hospital of Fangshan District,Beijing City,Beijing 102400)

机构地区：[1]北京市房山区第一医院检验科,北京102400

出　　处：《中国社区医师》2021年第18期121-122,共2页Chinese Community Doctors

摘　　要：目的:分析106株儿童尿路感染病原菌分布及耐药性。方法:2016年10月-2020年10月收治尿路感染患儿106例,分析病原菌分布情况以及耐药性。结果:106株病原菌中,革兰阴性菌68株(64.15%),革兰阳性菌33株(31.13%),真菌5株(4.72%);其中大肠埃希菌占比最高(34.91%),其次分别为肺炎克雷伯菌(11.32%)、粪肠球菌(10.38%)、屎肠球菌(9.43%)。大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌肺炎亚种是儿童尿路感染中最常见的革兰阴性菌;大肠埃希菌对头孢羟氨芐、头孢呋辛钠、头孢克肟、头孢曲松的耐药性较高;肺炎克雷伯菌肺炎亚种对头孢呋辛钠的耐药性较高。粪肠球菌对红霉素、克林霉素、高水平链霉素协同的耐药性较高;屎肠球菌对左旋氧氟沙星、氨芐西林、环丙沙星、阿莫西林/克拉维酸、红霉素、克林霉素、莫西沙星、青霉素、阿莫西林、四环素的耐药性较高。白色念珠菌是较常见的真菌,对所有药物均未产生耐药性。结论:不同地区儿童尿路感染病原菌分布及耐药性有所区别,临床用药时应结合实际情况进行判断,选择合理的药物,从而提高抗感染治疗的效果。Objective:To analyze the distribution and drug resistance of 106 strains of pathogenic bacteria of urinary tract infection in children.Methods:From October 2016 to October 2020,106 children with urinary tract infection were selected.The distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria were analyzed.Results:Among the 106 strains of pathogenic bacteria,there were 68 strains of Gram-negative bacteria(64.15%),33 strains of Gram-positive bacteria(31.13%),and 5 strains of fungi(4.72%).Among them,Escherichia coli accounted for the highest proportion(34.91%),followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae(11.32%),Enterococcus faecalis(10.38%)and Enterococcus faecium(9.43%).Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae subspecies are the most common gram-negative bacteria in urinary tract infections in children.Escherichia coli showed higher resistance to benzyl cefoxycarboxyl,cefuroxime sodium,cefixime and ceftriaxone.The Klebsiella pneumoniae subspecies showed high resistance to cefuroxime sodium.Enterococcus faecalis had higher synergism resistance to erythromycin,clindamycin and high level streptomycin.Enterococcus faecium had higher resistance to levofloxacin,benzoxicillin,ciprofloxacin,amoxicillin/clavulanic acid,erythromycin,clindamycin,moxifloxacin,penicillin,amoxicillin and tetracycline.Candida albicans is a common fungus and has not developed resistance to any drugs.Conclusion:There are differences in the distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria of urinary tract infection in children in different areas.Therefore,it is necessary to judge and select reasonable drugs according to the actual situation in clinical use,so as to improve the effect of anti-infection treatment.

关 键 词：儿童 尿路感染 病原菌 耐药性 

分 类 号：R446.5[医药卫生—诊断学] R726.9[医药卫生—临床医学]