三个品种公鸡连续采精对精液品质及种蛋受精率的影响  

Effect of continuous semen collection on semen quality and egg fertilization rate of three breeds of cock

作　　者：周晓 李玲 苏咏梅[1] 付永智 朱文进[1] ZHOU Xiao;LI Ling;SU Yongmei;FU Yongzhi;ZHU Wenjin(College of Animal Science and Technology,Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology,Qinhuangdao 066004,China)

机构地区：[1]河北科技师范学院动物科技学院,河北秦皇岛066004

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2021年第11期69-74,共6页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：河北省重点研发计划项目(20326350D);秦皇岛市科学技术研究与发展计划项目(201803B011)。

摘　　要：为了进一步提高人工授精时对种公鸡的利用率,试验选择350日龄健康来航鸡、坝上长尾鸡和东乡黑鸡三个品种公鸡进行连续30 d采精,并分别对相同品种母鸡进行输精,测定精液品质及种蛋受精率。结果表明:种公鸡每天固定时间采精1次,其采精量、精子活力、精子密度和精子畸形率有不同程度变化,三个品种公鸡采精量差异显著(P<0.05),坝上长尾鸡采精量最高,来航鸡采精量最低;精子活力差异不显著(P>0.05);坝上长尾鸡的精子密度显著低于其他两个品种(P<0.05);东乡黑鸡的精子畸形率显著低于其他两个品种(P<0.05)。随着采精时间的延长,三个品种公鸡采精量呈现逐渐下降后又逐渐上升的变化,三个品种公鸡精子活力、精子密度和精子畸形率在一定范围内均呈周期性波动变化,但坝上长尾鸡波动幅度较大,来航鸡和东乡黑鸡波动较平稳。将每天采集的精液输精后,三个品种母鸡30 d的平均受精率均在93.00%以上。说明种公鸡可以每天采精1次,但考虑到种公鸡的利用强度,建议适当休息。In order to further improve the utilization rate of breeding males during artificial insemination, the experiment selected healthy, 350-day-old, three breeds of cocks of Laihang chicken, Bashang long-tail chicken and Dongxiang black chicken to collected semen for 30 consecutive days, and the hens of the same breed were inseminated respectively. The quality of semen and the fertilization of breeding eggs were determined. The results showed that the sperm collection, sperm motility, sperm density and sperm malformation rate of breeding cocks changed in different degrees when the cocks were collected once a day at a fixed time. There was a significant difference in the volume of sperm collected by the three breeds of cocks(P<0.05),and Bashang Long-tail chicken had the highest semen yield and Laihang chicken had the lowest semen. There was no significant difference in sperm motility(P>0.05);the sperm density of Bashang long-tail chicken was significantly lower than the other two breeds(P<0.05);The sperm deformity rate of Dongxiang black chickens was significantly higher than that of the other two breeds(P<0.05). With the extension of the semen collection time, the sperm collection of the three breeds of cocks showed a gradual decline and then gradually increased. The sperm motility, sperm density and sperm deformity rate of the three breeds of cocks all showed periodic fluctuations within a certain range, but the fluctuation range was larger in Bashang long-tail chicken, and more stable in Laihang chicken and Dongxiang black chicken. After the semen collected every day was inseminated, the average 30-day fertilization rate of the three breeds of hens in 30 days was above 93.00%. The results indicated that the breeding cock could be collected semen once a day. However, considering the use intensity of the breeding cock, it is recommended to rest properly.

关 键 词：坝上长尾鸡 来航鸡 东乡黑鸡 精液品质 种蛋 受精率 

分 类 号：S831.3[农业科学—畜牧学]