人工释放前裂长管茧蜂对橘小实蝇的田间控制作用  

Field Control of Bactrocera dorsalis by Artificial Release with Diachasmimorpha longicaudata(Ashmead)

作　　者：刘吉敏[1] 黄其椿[2] 邓铁军[1] 杨志强 陆温[4] LIU Jimin;HUANG Qichun;DENG Tiejun;YANG Zhiqiang;LU Wen(Institute of Plant Protection,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangxi Key Laboratory for Biology of Crop Diseases and Insect Pests,Nanning 530007,China;Horticulture Research Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanning 530007,China;Guangxi South Subtropical Agricultural Science Research Institute,Longzhou 532415,China;College of Agriculture,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China)

机构地区：[1]广西农业科学院植物保护研究所/广西作物病虫害生物学重点实验室,广西南宁530007 [2]广西农业科学院园艺研究所,广西南宁530007 [3]广西南亚热带农业科学研究所,广西龙州532415 [4]广西大学农学院,广西南宁530004

出　　处：《广东农业科学》2021年第5期118-123,共6页Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：广西科技重大专项(桂科AA17202017-2);中国农业科学院-广西农业科学院协同创新项目(CAAS-GXAAS-XTCX2019026-2);广西作物病虫害生物学重点实验室基金(2020-ST-05)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究人工增殖的前裂长管茧蜂在田间对橘小实蝇的控制作用。【方法】试验设1个放蜂区和1个对照区,放蜂区设置3个放蜂点,按雌蜂与橘小实蝇二龄、三龄幼虫比1∶10的比例释放人工增殖的前裂长管茧蜂,通过生物学观察试验,研究人工增殖的前裂长管茧蜂在田间对橘小实蝇的寄生率和定殖情况。【结果】通过人工释放前裂长管茧蜂,其田间寄生率迅速升高,平均达到5.97%,雌雄性比接近1,但随着放蜂后时间的推移,前裂长管茧蜂的寄生率逐渐下降,雌雄蜂性比也逐渐下降,橘小实蝇的羽化率逐渐升高。【结论】前裂长管茧蜂是橘小实蝇幼虫的重要寄生蜂,通过人为增加其田间种群数量是目前生物防治中的重要手段之一,但人工增殖的寄生蜂通常是经室内大量扩繁的种群,由于野外复杂的环境,其在野外的适应能力、寄生率和性比情况值得进一步深入研究。【Objective】The field control of Bactrocera dorsalis by artificial propagation with Diachasmimorpha longicaudata was studied.【Method】In the experiment,a release zone and a control zone were set up,and three releasing points were set in the release zone.The artificially propagated D.longicaudata was released according to the ratio of 1∶10 of the 2nd and 3rd instar larvae of the female bee and B.dorsalis.Through biological observation experiment,the field parasitic rate and colonization of the artificially propagated D.longicaudata to B.dorsalis were studied.【Result】Artificial releasing of D.longicaudata could rapidly increase its parasitism rate in the field,reaching 5.97%on average,with the ratio of male to female close to 1.However,with the passage of time after releasing,the parasitic rate and the ratio of male to female decreased gradually,and the emergence rate of B.dorsalis increased gradually.【Conclusion】The D.longicaudata(Ashmead)is an important parasitic wasp for B.dorsalis larvae,and increasing its population in the field by artificial means is one of the important means in biological control at present.However,artificially propagated parasitic wasps are usually a large number of indoor population.Due to the complex field environment,their adaptability,parasitism rate and sex ratio in the field need further research.

关 键 词：前裂长管茧蜂 橘小实蝇 人工释放 田间定殖 寄生率 性比 

分 类 号：S476.3[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]