混样核酸检测联合酶免法筛查献血者乙肝病毒感染的残余风险分析  

Residual risk analysis of hepatitis B virus infection in blood donors by mixed nucleic acid test combined with enzyme linked immunosorbent assay

作　　者：秦强国[1] 张国平[1] 李瑞丽[1] QIN Qiang-guo;ZHANG Guo-ping;LI Rui-li(Body Collection Department of Jiaozuo Central Blood Station,Jiaozuo 454000,China)

机构地区：[1]焦作市中心血站体采科,河南焦作454000

出　　处：《中国实验诊断学》2021年第5期698-701,共4页Chinese Journal of Laboratory Diagnosis

摘　　要：目的了解无偿献血者血液筛查中血液标本的输血传播乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)残余风险,评估应用混样核酸检验联合酶免法在降低输血传播乙肝病毒残余风险的作用。方法选取2016年1月-2019年12月焦作市中心血站无偿献血者182525人,所有献血者献血前均已同意献血且献血者末梢血体检合格。分别用酶免法和混样核酸检验法(8人/份)筛查献血者HBV,并对混样核酸检验有反应的样本进行拆分单测,对核酸检测阳性献血者追踪检测。结果2016年1月-2019年12月混样核酸检验联合酶免法共检测出1493份不合格样本,不合格率为0.82%。182525例献血者中,酶免法检测出1144例不合格,不合格率0.63%。在181381例2遍酶免法检测合格的献血者中,核酸检测总不合格为167份,不合率0.09%。对42例核酸HBV-DNA检测阳性的献血者3次追踪检测发现,酶免法检测追踪显示有0例阳性,核酸检测追踪显示有31例阳性。结论混样核酸检测联合酶联免疫吸附法筛查献血者乙肝病毒感染仍有残余风险。Objective To understand the residual risk of transfusion transmitted hepatitis B virus(HBV)in blood samples of blood donors in blood screening,and to evaluate the effect of mixed nucleic acid test combined with enzyme linked immunosorbent assay in reducing the residual risk of transfusion transmitted hepatitis B virus.Methods 182525 free blood donors were selected from January 2016to December 2019,and all donors agreed to donate blood before donation and the peripheral blood of donors passed the physical examination.HBV was screened by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and mixed nucleic acid test(8persons/share),in addition,the samples which were reflected in the mixed nucleic acid test were separated for the split single test,then termly tracking assay would be prepared for those blood donors whose nucleic acid test were positive.Results From January 2016to December 2019,1493unqualified samples were detected by mixed nucleic acid test and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay,and the failure rate is 0.82%.Among 182525blood donors,1144cases were failed by enzyme linked immunosorbent,and the failure rate was 0.63%.Among the 181381blood donors who passed the 2-pass enzyme linked immunosorbent test,the total number of failed nucleic acid tests was 167,with a failure rate of 0.09%.Three follow-up tests on 42blood donors with HBVDNA positive nucleic acid tests found that enzyme linked immunosorbent tracking showed 0positive cases,nucleic acid detection tracking showed 31positives.Conclusion There is a reducing risk in the detection of HBV infection in blood donors by mixed nucleic acid test combined with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

关 键 词：核酸检测 酶免法 乙型肝炎病毒 残余风险 

分 类 号：R373.2[医药卫生—病原生物学]