甘蓝型油菜叶绿素缺失突变体yl1的表型鉴定与遗传分析  

Phenotypic identification and genetic analysis of a chlorophyll deficient mutant yl1 in Brassica napus

作　　者：彭门路 赵小珍 王晓东[2] 陈锋[2] 张维[2] 孙程明 张春 管荣展[1] 张洁夫[1,2] PENG Men-lu;ZHAO Xiao-zhen;WANG Xiao-dong;CHEN Feng;ZHANG Wei;SUN Cheng-ming;ZHANG Chun;GUAN Rong-zhan;ZHANG Jie-fu(National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Innovation,Nanjing Agricultural University/Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production,Nanjing 210095,China;Key Laboratory of Cotton and Rapeseed,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Industrial Crops,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultur al Sciences,Nanjing 210014,China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学作物遗传与种质创新国家重点实验室/江苏省现代作物生产协同创新中心,江苏南京210095 [2]江苏省农业科学院经济作物研究所/农业农村部长江下游棉花与油菜重点实验室,江苏南京210014

出　　处：《中国油料作物学报》2021年第3期443-451,共9页Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32001580);国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-12)。

摘　　要：为挖掘高光效种质资源,研究来自甲基磺酸乙酯(EMS)诱变的甘蓝型油菜品种宁油18号(NY18)突变体,获得了能够稳定遗传的叶绿素缺失突变体yl1。调查和测定该突变体的农艺性状、光合色素含量和光合作用参数,观察叶绿体超微结构,发现与野生型NY18相比,全生育期里yl1的整株都表现出黄化,经济性状与野生型存在显著差异;苗期光合色素含量显著降低,叶绿素b下降程度更大;净光合速率显著降低;叶绿体形态异常、发育不完全,类囊体分布松散未垛叠形成基粒类囊体。以NY18与yl1为亲本,构建P_(1)、P_(2)、F_(1)、F_(2)、BC1P_(1)(B_(1))和BC1P_(2)(B_(2))6世代群体,利用主基因+多基因6世代联合分离分析方法,发现yl1叶绿素缺失为不完全显性遗传,且符合1对加性-显性主基因模型,F_(2)世代的主基因遗传率为96.42%。To further exploit and utilize high photosynthetic efficiency germplasm in rapeseed,chlorophyll deficient mutant was investigated on agronomic traits,photosynthetic pigment,photosynthetic parameters and chloroplast ultrastructure.The mutant was named Ningyou yl1(yl1 for short)from Brassica napus cv Ningyou 18(NY18)by EMS(ethyl methane-sulfonate).Compared to NY18,yl1 was yellowing throughout the whole growth stage,and had significant changes in agronomic traits.Seedling􀆳s photosynthetic pigment content decreased significantly,and chlorophyll b decreased sharply.The net photosynthetic rate decreased significantly for abnormal and underdeveloped chloroplasts.The thylakoids loosely distributed and was disabled to stack into grana thylakoids.To understand the genetics of yl1,NY18 and the mutant were crossed to develop six-generation populations of P_(1),P_(2),F_(1),F_(2),BC1P_(1)(B_(1))and BC1P_(2)(B_(2)).By using combined separation and analysis method of plant main gene+multi-gene of the six generation,it was found that yl1 chlorophyll deficiency was controlled by an incomplete dominant gene and conformed to one pair additive dominant gene model.The main gene heritability of F_(2) generation was 96.42%.

关 键 词：甘蓝型油菜 叶绿素 突变体 叶绿体超微结构 遗传分析 

分 类 号：S565.4[农业科学—作物学]