经济增长、外商直接投资对空气质量的影响——基于中国省级面板数据的实证研究  

The Impact of Economic Growth and Foreign Direct Investment on Air Quality:An Empirical Study Based on China’s Provincial Panel Data

作　　者：刘江龙 任奕帅 姜勇 乐胜杰 LIU Jiang-long;REN Yi-shuai;JIANG Yong;YUE Sheng-jie(Business School,Hunan University,Changsha 410082,China;School of Public Administration,Hunan University,Changsha 410082,China;School of Finance,Nanjing Audit University,Nanjing 211815,China;School of Finance,Hunan University of Technology and Business,Changsha 410205,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南大学工商管理学院,湖南长沙410082 [2]湖南大学公共管理学院,湖南长沙410082 [3]南京审计大学金融学院,江苏南京211815 [4]湖南工商大学财政金融学院,湖南长沙410205

出　　处：《系统工程》2021年第3期1-12,共12页Systems Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(71850012,71790593,72001076);国家社会科学基金资助项目(19AZD14);湖南省科技厅重大专项(2018GK1020);湖南省社会科学成果评审委员会项目(XSP21YBC087);湖南省教育厅项目(20B153)。

摘　　要：空气质量越来越受到国内外关注。然而,经济增长和外商直接投资(FDI)对空气质量可能存在的双向因果关系经常被忽视。传统的最小二乘(OLS)估计可能会因此而产生内生性偏差。本文基于环境库兹涅茨曲线假说理论,通过将经济增长和FDI对PM2.5污染的影响分成规模效应、技术效应、结构效应来精心设计联立方程模型,并采用三阶最小二乘法(3SLS)来估计,从而全面分析经济增长和FDI对PM2.5污染的影响机理。研究结果表明,FDI对促进我国GDP的增长具有显著的正向影响。虽然技术效应上,FDI的增加会显著降低单位产出的PM2.5污染排放,但是从总的效应来看,FDI与PM2.5污染之间存在积极影响。因此,我国要严控PM2.5排放,积极吸引空气友好型外资流入。With the improvement of economic level,China’s air quality is more and more concerned.However,the possible bidirectional causality between the economic growth and the foreign direct investment(FDI) on the air quality is often ignored.The traditional least squares(OLS) estimation may produce endogenous bias.Based on the theory of Environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis,this paper designs a simultaneous equation model by dividing the effects of economic growth and FDI on PM2.5 pollution into scale effect,technology effect and structure effect,and estimates them by using the third-order least square method(3 SLS), to comprehensively analyze the impact mechanism of economic growth and FDI on PM2.5 pollution.The results show that FDI has a significant positive impact on China’s GDP growth.Although the increase of FDI will significantly reduce PM2.5 pollution emissions per unit output in terms of technical effect,there is a positive effect between FDI and PM2.5 pollution in terms of the overall effect.Therefore,China should strictly control PM2.5 emissions and actively attract air-friendly foreign investment.

关 键 词：经济增长 外商直接投资 空气质量 三阶段最小二乘法 

分 类 号：F830[经济管理—金融学]