石灰岩矿山溶洞条件下空气间隔器的应用  

Application of Air Spacers Under Karst Caves Condition in Limestone Mine

作　　者：寇明遥 王永智[1] 高维荣 KOU Mingyao;WANG Yongzhi;GAO Weirong(Northwest Institute of Mining and Metallurgy,Baiyin,Gansu 730900,China)

机构地区：[1]西北矿冶研究院,甘肃白银市730900

出　　处：《矿业研究与开发》2021年第6期17-20,共4页Mining Research and Development

摘　　要：石灰岩矿山开采过程中经常会遇到溶洞,应依据溶洞的埋深、高度、面积,重新设计局部爆破体的孔网参数和单孔爆破参数。为实现设计的单孔爆破参数,需在炮孔适当位置安放具有一定强度的承重骨架用于炮孔装填。矿山施工中,试用了各种材料做骨架,如纸片或塑料编织袋,皆因材料与炮孔壁摩擦力有限,无法满足炮孔装填对位置定位和强度的需求,导致单孔爆破参数达不到设计要求,爆破质量不理想,爆破危害不可控。采用空气间隔器做承重骨架,能满足炮孔装填对位置定位和强度的需求,保证了单孔的设计爆破参数。矿山的爆破实践证明,空气间隔器是处理溶洞弱面爆破的理想器材。Karst caves are often encountered in the mining process of limestone mines. The hole network parameters and single hole blasting parameters of local blasting body should be redesigned according to the buried depth, height and area of karst caves. In order to achieve the designed parameters of single hole blasting, it is necessary to place a load-bearing framework with certain strength at the appropriate position in the blast hole for blast hole charging. In the mine construction, various materials were used as the framework, such as paper or plastic woven bags. Due to the limited friction between the materials and the blast hole wall, they all can not meet the requirements of the blast hole charging for the location and strength, resulting in the single hole blasting parameters can not meet the design requirements, the blasting quality was not ideal, and the blasting harm was uncontrollable. After adopting the air spacer as the load-bearing framework, the requirements of location and strength of the hole loading have been satisfied, and the designed single hole blasting parameters have been ensured. The practice of mine blasting has proved that the air spacer is an ideal equipment to deal with the weak surface blasting of karst cave.

关 键 词：溶洞 空气间隔器 承重骨架 炮孔装填 

分 类 号：TD235.4[矿业工程—矿井建设]