基于爆破振动的极限边孔排距的确定方法研究  

Study on the Determination of the Limit Distance of Boundary Borehole Based on Blasting Vibration

作　　者：郭晓强 GUO Xiaoqiang(Zijin Mining Group Co.,Ltd,Shanghang Country,Fujian 364200,China)

机构地区：[1]紫金矿业集团股份有限公司,福建上杭县364200

出　　处：《矿业研究与开发》2021年第6期26-30,共5页Mining Research and Development

摘　　要：在金属矿山,当采用两步骤嗣后充填采矿方法回采矿体时,二步骤矿柱的回采会面临两侧为充填体的工况,导致矿石贫化率和损失率难以得到有效控制。为了应对阿舍勒铜矿二步骤采场面临的贫化损失问题,基于爆破振动波传播规律,设计了现场爆破振动效应试验,采用微震传感器对采场爆破振动波进行了有效采集,分析与研究了矿、充填体中的振动波衰减规律,结合爆轰压理论,计算了采场爆破不影响两侧充填体稳定性的极限边孔排距,并选取试验采场进行了工业试验。优化边孔排距的二步骤试验采场顺利回采后,经三维激光扫描,未见采场两侧有矿石挂壁或充填体大面积垮落现象,采场贫化率5.94%、损失率3.99%,应用效果显著。In metal mines, when the two-step mining with subsequent filling method is used to mine the ore body, the two-step pillar stoping will face the working condition of filling body on both sides, which makes it difficult to effectively control the ore dilution rate and loss rate. In order to deal with the problem of ore dilution and loss in the two-step stope of Ashele copper mine, based on the propagation law of blasting vibration wave, the field blasting vibration effect test was designed. The micro seismic sensor was used to collect the blasting vibration wave effectively, and the attenuation law of vibration wave in the mining body and filling body was analyzed and studied. Combined with the detonation pressure theory, the limit distance of boundary borehole under the condition that the stope blasting does not affect the stability of the filling body on both sides was calculated. Then, the test stope was selected for industrial test. After successful mining, the two-step test stope with optimized distance of boundary borehole, through three-dimensional laser scanning, there was no ore hanging wall or large-area collapse of filling body on both sides of the stope, and the dilution rate and loss rate of the stope were 5.94% and 3.99%, respectively, with a good application effect.

关 键 词：两步骤嗣后充填采矿法 边孔排距 贫化率 损失率 爆破振动 

分 类 号：TD853.34[矿业工程—金属矿开采]