基于风险评估的康复训练对老年脑出血合并吞咽困难患者的效果  

Effect of rehabilitation training based on risk assessment on elderly patients with cerebral hemorrhage and dysphagia

作　　者：蒋雅兰[1] 方艳雅[1] 陈彩娣[1] 黄凯燕 JIANG Ya-lan;FANG Yan-ya;CHEN Cai-di;HUANG Kai-yan(Department of Neurosurgery,Jiangmen Central Hospital,Jiangmen,Guangdong,529000,China)

机构地区：[1]江门市中心医院神经外科,广东江门529000

出　　处：《中西医结合护理（中英文）》2020年第11期197-200,共4页Journal of Clinical Nursing in Practice

摘　　要：目的研究基于风险评估理论指导下的康复训练对老年脑出血合并吞咽困难患者的临床价值。方法选取2018年3月-2020年3月于江门市中心医院收治的120例老年脑出血合并吞咽困难患者作为研究对象,随机分人对照组和观察组各60例。对照组患者给予常规护理和康复训练指导;观察组患者在对照组基础上进行风险评估,根据患者的风险等级给予个体化的吞咽功能训练。比较两组的吞咽功能改善和相关并发症发生情况。结果干预后,观察组的标准吞咽功能评估量表(SSA)评分显著低于对照组(P<0.05),吞咽障碍分级显著优于对照组(P<0.05),吸入性肺炎发生率显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。对照组出现呛咳135次、噎食22次;观察组出现呛咳16次、噎食4次,观察组不良事件发生率显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论根据患者动态误吸风险的评定结果对老年脑出血吞咽困难患者进行分级康复训练,可有效促进患者吞咽功能的康复。Objective To study the clinical value of rehabilitation training based on risk assessment theory in elderly patients with cerebral hemorrhage and dysphagia.Methods The patients in the control group were given routine nursing and rehabilitation training guidance.The patients in the observation group were given risk assessment on the basis of the control group,and individualized swallowing function training was given according to the risk level of the patients.The improvement of swallowing function and the occurrence of related complications were observed.Results The Standardized Swallowing Assessment(SSA)score of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group after treatment(P<0.05).The dysphagia grade of the observation group was significantly better than that of the control group(P<0.05).The incidence of aspiration pneumonia in the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).There were 135 coughs and 22 chokes in the control group,and 16 coughs and 4 chokes in the observation group.The incidence of adverse events in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion According to the assessment results of patients’dynamic aspiration risk,graded rehabilitation training for elderly patients with cerebral hemorrhage and dysphagia can effectively promote the I ehabiltation of swallowing function.

关 键 词：康复训练 老年 脑出血 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]