深圳地区不同天气流型夏季短时强降水和闪电的时空特征  

Temporal and spatial distribution of short-term heavy rain of Shenzhen in summer based on weather flow

作　　者：孙京[1] 蔡然 柴健[3] 周悦[4] SUN Jing;CAI Ran;CHAI Jian;ZHOU Yue(Hubei Key Laboratory for Heavy Rain Monitoring and Warning Research,Institute of Heavy Rain,CMA,Wuhan 430205,China;China Shenzhen Meteorological Service Center,Shenzhen 518000,China;Hubei Lightning Protection Center,Wuhan 430074,China;Wuhan Regional Climate Center,Wuhan 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]中国气象局武汉暴雨研究所暴雨监测预警湖北省重点实验室,湖北武汉430205 [2]深圳市气象服务中心,广东深圳518000 [3]湖北省防雷中心,湖北武汉430074 [4]武汉区域气候中心,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《大气科学学报》2021年第3期461-472,共12页Transactions of Atmospheric Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41875170);广东省气象局科学技术研究项目(GRMC2017M28);广西重点研究计划项目(桂科AB20159013)。

摘　　要：利用高时间分辨率的分钟级雨量资料及LS8000闪电定位仪地闪数据,对比分析2014—2017年台风型、低压型、西南季风型和切变线型天气系统引发的深圳地区夏季短时强降水和闪电活动,并通过分析降水和闪电的日变化、降水频次、闪电峰值、持续时间、雷达回波顶高等,探讨不同天气流型引发的降水和闪电的时空分布特征。结果表明,四种天气流型引发的深圳地区短时强降水伴随闪电的对流活动主要集中发生在凌晨至08时和12-14时。台风型产生的短时强降水对应的闪电活动主要集中发生在降水强度为20~30 mm·h-1时,且该类型产生的闪电主要以负地闪为主。低压型、西南季风型和切变线型中有80%以上的闪电活动主要发生在降水强度超过50 mm·h-1。对于降水量小于40 mm·h-1的闪电活动,切变线型是产生该量级降水的主要天气系统,也是该地区产生年平均地闪频次最多的天气系统。其中,该系统引发的此类对流活动的雷达回波顶高以2~4 km为主,并有72%的对流过程对应的零度层高度小于5 km。In this paper,the minute rainfall data with high time resolution is used,and combined with the data of the LS8000 lightning locator,to analyze the processes of lightning and precipitation in Shenzhen caused by the weather patterns of typhoon,low pressure,southwest monsoon and shear line types,from 2014 to 2017.Based on the statistics features of duration,precipitation frequency and peak value,the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of precipitation and lightning,and the radar echo height caused by weather flow patterns are discussed.The study results show that the short-term heavy precipitation accompanied by lightning activity caused by the four types of weather flow patterns mainly occurs from early morning to 08:00 BST,and in the afternoon.The lightning activity corresponding to the short-term heavy precipitation produced by the typhoon type mainly occurs at the precipitation intensity from 20 to 30 mm·h-1,and the main type of lightning is negative cloud to ground lightning flashes.More than 80%of the lightning activities in the low pressure,southwest monsoon and shear line types mainly occur when the precipitation intensity is greater than 50 mm·h-1.For convective activities with precipitation of less than 40 mm·h-1,the shear line type is the main weather system that produces precipitation with lightning activity of this magnitude,and the average frequency of cloud to ground lightning is more frequent than the other types.In particular,the radar echo height of convective activity is mainly 2—4 km,due to the weather system,and about 72%of convective processes have a 0℃level height of less than 5 km.

关 键 词：强降水 闪电 时空分布 天气流型 

分 类 号：P45[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]