连续重力观测站测定的中国大陆潮汐因子空间分布特征  

Preliminary Results of Spatial Distribution of Tidal Factors Measured by Recent Continuous Gravity Stations in China's Mainland

作　　者：韦进 申重阳[1,2] 胡敏章 江颖 张晓彤 刘子维 WEI Jin;SHEN Chongyang;HU Minzhang;JIANG Ying;ZHANG Xiaotong;LIU Ziwei(Key Laboratory of Earthquake Geodesy,China Earthquake Administration,Wuhan 430071,China;Wuhan Gravitation and Solid Earth Tides National Observation and Research Station,Wuhan 430071,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地震局地震大地测量重点实验室,湖北武汉430071 [2]武汉引力与固体潮国家野外科学观测研究站,湖北武汉430071

出　　处：《地球科学进展》2021年第5期490-499,共10页Advances in Earth Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“水负荷引起重力季节性扰动现象的区域特征研究”(编号:41204058)资助。

摘　　要：潮汐变化空间分布可用于地球不同位置受外力响应及地球形状、地表变形的相关研究。受观测技术、仪器数量和观测精度等制约,中国大陆重力潮汐观测直到21世纪初才得到较大改善和发展。利用2015—2017年中国大陆运行较好的51个重力站潮汐观测数据,采用国际标准潮汐处理方法和软件,分析计算了中国大陆主要潮波潮汐因子的空间分布,同时,结合1′×1′的全球地形模型(ETOPO1)和全球重力场模型(WGM2012)讨论了中国大陆东西和南北向2个潮汐剖面的构造物理特征。研究结果表明:(1)90%以上重力站M2波潮汐因子中误差优于0.001,这已和20世纪80~90年代的超导重力仪的观测精度相当;沿海台站的O1和K1波潮汐因子大于其他地区,经Nao99b和Nao99jb海潮模型检验认为是海潮负荷引起的。(2)沿狮泉河—玉树—松潘—黄梅—上海佘山的东西向M2波潮汐剖面显示,当海拔高程差异超过4500 m、布格重力异常差异600×10-5m/s2时,重力站间M2波潮汐因子差异可达2%,且和高程呈正相关特征。(3)沿孟连—西昌—银川—乌加河的南北向M2波潮汐剖面站间潮汐因子差异为1.0%~1.5%。(4)重力站潮汐因子和高程的相关性分析表明,内陆站M2、O1波相关系数超过40%具有正相关特征。上述结果可为中国大陆地壳结构横向不均匀性和动力变形响应研究提供参考。The spatial characteristics of tidal variation can be used to study the influence of earth shape,surface deformation and the force characteristics of the different positions on the Earth.Restricted by the number of Continuous Relative Gravimeter (CRG),the accuracy of the tidal observation and theoretical models,the tidal observation conditions have not been improved until around the 21st century.In this paper,based on the data of 51 continuous relative gravimeters from 2015 to 2017,the spatial distribution of main tide waves’tidal factor has been calculated by international standard tidal processing software and methods.In order to discuss the relationship between the spatial feature of tidal factor,the topography and geophysics,the East-West and the NorthSouth gravity tidal profiles in China have been analyzed with Global Relief Model (ETOPO1) of 1’×1’ and World Gravity Model (WGM2012) of 2’×2’.It is shown that,(1)More than 90%of the Root Mean Square (RMS) of M2 tidal factor is better than 0.001.The accuracy of CRG is comparable to that of the Superconducting Gravimeter(SG) in 1980s-1990s.The tidal factors of O1 and K1 waves in coastal stations are larger than those in inland stations,and corrected by same-sit atmosphere and Ocean Tidal Load (OTL) in Global Ocean Map (Nao99b) and Region Ocean Map (Nao99jb),the tidal factor feature at coastal stations is accounted for the OTL.(2)The EastWest M2 wave tidal profile of Shiquanhe,Yushu,Songpan,Huang-mei,Sheshan in Shanghai shows that,when the difference of evelation and Bouguer Gravity Anomaly (BGA) is more than 4 500 m and 600×10-5m/s2,the difference of tidal factor in M2can be larger than 2%.Moreover the tide factors are positively correlated with the elevation.(3)About 1.0%~1.5%tidal factor variation of M2 also can be acquired in the North-South gravity tidal profile of Menglian,Yinchuan,Wujia River.(4)Comparing the elevation and the tidal factors,it is found that the elevation of inland stations has more than 40%positive correlation with the tidal fa

关 键 词：潮汐因子空间分布 DDW全球潮汐模型 WGM2012全球重力场模型 重力潮汐剖面 高程影响 

分 类 号：P312.4[天文地球—固体地球物理学]