长沙市无偿献血人员对可经血液传播疾病病原的认知现状及影响因素研究  

Study on the cognitive status and influencing factors of blood donors in Changsha

作　　者：罗春香[1] 李璘 魏志宏[2] 魏选东 Luo Chun-xiang;Li Lin;Wei Zhi-hong;Wei Xuan-dong(Medical College of Hunan Normal University,Changsha 410013,China;Changsha Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Changsha 410006,China;Hunan Children's Hospital,Changsha 410007,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学,长沙410013 [2]长沙市疾病预防控制中心,长沙410006 [3]湖南省儿童医院,长沙410007

出　　处：《湖南师范大学学报（医学版）》2021年第3期4-8,共5页Journal of Hunan Normal University(Medical Sciences)

基　　金：湖南省儿童医院院级课题(2019-C042)。

摘　　要：目的:调查长沙市无偿献血人员对可经血液传播疾病病原的认知现状并进行影响因素研究,为提升无偿献血的整体质量提出参考性建议。方法:采用定群抽样的方法抽取长沙市无偿献血人员共454有效人次进行不记名问卷调查,采用有序多分类logistic回归进行无偿献血人员认知水平的影响因素分析。结果:长沙市无偿献血人员对不同种类可经血液传播疾病病原的知晓率有统计学差异,除HBV和HIV外其余病原知晓率均低于50%,logistic回归结果显示"职业"、"既往献血次数"、"是否为成分输血"、"受血史"及"口腔护理史"是知晓率的影响因素。结论:卫生宣教的过程中可进一步强调,无偿献血过程中可能会经血液途径感染导致梅毒、疟疾、丙肝及丁肝等疾病的病原;"学生"、"医生"群体知晓率较高,"农民"、"既往献血次数为0"、"献血类型为成分血"、"没有受血史"及"没有口腔护理史"群体知晓率较低,应结合这些人群的特征进行献血前教育。Objective To investigate the cognition status and influencing factors of voluntary blood donors in Changsha,and to provide reference for improving the overall quality of blood donation.Methods This research adopts the method of cluster sampling,extraction Changsha blood donation staff of 454 people for effective questionnaire investigation,using logistic regression of factors influencing the cognitive level of blood donation analysis.Results Personnel of different types of diseases spread via blood pathogen awareness there were significant differences in blood donation Changsha city,HBV and HIV in the pathogenic awareness rate was less than 50%,the logistic regression showed that the"occupation","blood donation frequency","whether the component blood transfusion","Whether to accept blood before"and"previous tooth extraction"are the influencing factors of awareness rate.Conclusion In the process of health education can be further emphasized by the way the blood may lead to infection of syphilis,malaria,hepatitis C and D in the process of pathogenic diseases such as blood donation;"students","doctor"group awareness rate is higher,"farmers","blood donation for 0 times","blood type blood components,""there is no history of blood"and"no extraction history"group awareness rate is low,should be combined with the characteristics of these groups of blood before education.

关 键 词：长沙市 无偿献血人员 经血液传播疾病 病原体 影响因素 

分 类 号：R446.6[医药卫生—诊断学]