正规借贷、非正规借贷对农户收入的影响——来自中国西部贫困地区的经验证据  

The Impact of Borrowing from Formal,Informal Channel on Farmers’ Family Income——An Empirical Evidence from the Underdevelopment Areas in Western China

作　　者：陈思 聂凤英[1] 罗尔呷 曾亿武 CHEN Si;NIE Fengying;LUO Erga;ZENG Yiwu

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农业信息研究所,北京100081 [2]浙江大学中国农村发展研究院,杭州310007 [3]杭州师范大学经济与管理学院,杭州311121

出　　处：《农业技术经济》2021年第5期35-47,共13页Journal of Agrotechnical Economics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金国际合作与交流项目“精准扶贫与互联网扶贫的实施机制与效果评估研究”(编号:71661147001);国家社会科学基金重大项目“精准扶贫战略实施的动态监测与成效评价研究”(编号:16ZDA021);广州市社科基金一般项目“互联网电商扶贫路径与政策启示——基于广州市对口帮扶地区的实证研究”(编号:2018GZYB45);杭州市属高校优秀创新团队扶持计划。

摘　　要：本文利用2015年中国西部贫困地区贵州、云南和陕西6个国家级贫困县1368户农户家庭的调查数据,考察了农户发生不同渠道借贷对其纯收入的影响。研究发现,正规借贷对农户的纯收入有显著的正向影响,而非正规借贷对农户纯收入影响不显著。通过进一步分析显示,正规借贷对非贫困户纯收入水平的促进作用大于贫困户。因此,以政府为主导的正规借贷可能已经拉大了农户内部的收入差距。其中,包含物质资本、人力资本和社会资本在内的资本禀赋状况是导致贫困户与非贫困户使用正规借贷后出现增收效应差异的重要影响因素。政府应继续完善贫困地区农村金融体系,营造良好的外部生产环境,同时要加快贫困户资本禀赋培育的步伐,努力提升贫困户的内生发展动力,缩小农户内部的收入差距。Based on the survey data of 1368 peasant households in 6 national poverty-stricken counties of Guizhou, Yunnan and Shaanxi in Western China in 2015, this paper examines the impact of loans from different channels on the net income of households. The study found that formal credit have a significant effect on the net income of farmers, while informal credit have no effect on the net income of farmers. The promotion effect of formal channel credit on the net income level of non-poor households is greater than that of poor households, and the government-led formal channel lending may widen the income gap among farmers. Among them, capital endowment, including material capital, human capital and social capital, is an important factor that leads to the difference between poor households and non-poor households in using formal channels to borrow and increase income. The government should continue to improve the rural financial system in poor areas and create a good external production environment. At the same time, the government should speed up the cultivating the capital endowment of poor farmers, striving to enhance the endogenous development force of poor households, and take positive measures to narrow the income gap among farmers.

关 键 词：农村金融 正规借贷 非正规借贷 贫困地区 农户收入 

分 类 号：F323.8[经济管理—产业经济] F832.43