规模经营能否提高鲜食葡萄种植户的生产技术效率——基于江苏省葡萄生产基地344户农户的调查数据  

Can Large-scale Management Increase the Production Technical Efficiency of Table Grape Growers?——Based on Survey Data of 344 Farmers from Jiangsu Grape Production Base

作　　者：李凡凡 孙洪武 LI Fanfan;SUN Hongwu

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院,南京210014 [2]南京农业大学人文与社会发展学院,南京210095

出　　处：《农业技术经济》2021年第5期133-143,共11页Journal of Agrotechnical Economics

基　　金：江苏省现代农业(葡萄)产业技术体系产业经济岗位(编号:JATS408)。

摘　　要：鲜食葡萄已经发展成为我国带动农民增收和人民美好生活的重要产业。本文基于2019年江苏省葡萄产业技术体系示范基地的344户农户调查数据,运用随机前沿生产函数(SFA)估计了鲜食葡萄种植户生产技术效率,并且讨论了经营规模对生产技术效率的影响。研究发现,现代栽培模式和高质量发展理念在葡萄产业中还不够普及,从而降低了规模经营对生产技术效率的贡献。与小农户相比,中等适度规模化种植模式对葡萄种植户的生产技术效率具有显著正向影响,但大规模葡萄种植户的生产技术效率未见显著差异,表明在劳动力资源约束背景下,尚未实现果园机械化的农户不宜盲目扩大规模;设施避雨栽培模式和技术培训对不同规模组农户生产技术效率均具有显著正向影响。从葡萄产业长远发展来看,保持葡萄生产适度规模化,推广机械化、设施化现代果园的建设理念,以及加强差别化技术技能培训是提升葡萄产业竞争力、保障其可持续发展的关键所在。The table grape industry has been playing an important role in increasing farmers’income and satisfying people’s needs.Based on the survey data of 344 farmers from the Jiangsu grape production base,the paper uses the Stochastic Frontier Approach(SFA)to estimate the production technical efficiency of table grape growers.The impact of management scale on grape production technical efficiency is discussed as well.The study reveals that the unpopularity of modern cultivation modes and high-quality development concepts reduces the contribution of scale management to production technical efficiency.Compared with small-scale farmers,moderate-scale management has a significant positive effect on the grape production technical efficiency,in contrast to large-scale management,shows no significant difference.The rain-proof cultivation mode and technical training have a significant positive impact on the grape production technical efficiency of farmers in different scale groups.Taking the tight labor resource constraints into account,without realizing their orchards mechanization,expanding the management scale blindly will reduce grape production technical efficiency.To conclude,promoting the modern construction concept and strengthening differentiated technical training will be the key points to enhance competitiveness and facilitate the sustainable development of the grape industry in the future.

关 键 词：经营规模 生产技术效率 鲜食葡萄 江苏省 随机前沿生产函数(SFA) 

分 类 号：F326.13[经济管理—产业经济] F323.3