黄热病和寨卡病毒病输入性病例流行病学特征比较  

Comparison of epidemiological features of imported cases between yellow fever and Zika virus disease

作　　者：胡学锋 李勃 韩辉[3] 田玲玲[1] 周鹏程 符丽媛 吴海磊 HU Xue-feng;LI Bo;HAN Hui;TIAN Ling-ling;ZHOU Peng-cheng;FU Li-yuan;WU Hai-lei(Jiangsu International Travel Healthcare Center,Nanjing 210019,China;Nanjing Customs of P.R.C.,Nanjing 210001,China;Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine,Beijing 100176,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏国际旅行卫生保健中心,江苏南京210019 [2]中华人民共和国南京海关,江苏南京210001 [3]中国检验检疫科学研究院,北京100176

出　　处：《中华卫生杀虫药械》2021年第3期254-257,共4页Chinese Journal of Hygienic Insecticides and Equipments

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(编号:2018ZX10201001-008);南京海关科研项目(编号:2020KJ07、2021KJ25)。

摘　　要：目的比较中国内地黄热病和寨卡病毒病输入性病例的流行病学特征,为口岸卫生检疫防控提供科学依据。方法收集整理2016—2019年中国内地黄热病和寨卡病毒病输入性病例信息,对比分析其流行病学特征。结果11例黄热病输入性病例均来自安哥拉,平均年龄39.64岁,始发症状包括发热、畏寒或寒战、消化道症状等,其中5例有疫苗接种史,临床以轻型为主。25例寨卡病毒病输入性病例来自南美洲和大洋洲的5个国家,平均年龄27.36岁,始发症状包括发热、皮疹等,临床均为轻型,有4起聚集性疫情。两种传染病病例性别构成、到流行区原因、卫生检疫各种发现方式、地方卫生机构两种发现方式、卫生检疫方式与地方卫生机构发现方式、疾病转归均无统计学差异。平均年龄、病例始发临床特征分布、临床分型有统计学差异。结论黄热病与寨卡病毒病输入性病例流行病学特征有共性,也有显著差异。防控输入需要早期预警、采集合适样本、提升国际旅行健康服务,开展针对性的健康监测。Objective To compare the epidemiological characteristics of yellow fever and Zika virus disease imported cases in the Chinese mainland,and provide scientific reference for the prevention and control of these diseases.Methods The public information about yellow fever and Zika virus disease imported cases from 2016 to 2019 were collected and sorted out.The epidemiological characteristics of these cases were compared and analyzed.Results There were 11 yellow fever imported cases,all from Angola,with the average age of 39.64.Fever,chill or shiver,symptoms of digestive tract were included in the initial symptoms.Five of these cases were inoculated.The clinical classification of most cases was mild type.There were 25 Zika virus disease imported cases from five countries in South America and Oceania,with the average age of these cases was 27.36.The initial symptoms included fever and rash.The clinical classification of all cases was mild type.There were four clusters of cases.There was no statistical difference in distribution of genders,reasons for travel to epidemic area,identification methods,clinical outcome between yellow fever disease cases and Zika virus disease cases.There were statistical differences in distribution of age,initial symptoms and clinical classifications in these two kinds of diseases cases.Conclusion There were similarities and differences between epidemiological features of these two diseases.It is essential to strengthen the early warning system,collect appropriate samples,improve health services for the international travelers and carry out individualized measures for surveillance.

关 键 词：黄热病 寨卡病毒病 输入性病例 流行病学 卫生检疫 

分 类 号：R183.5[医药卫生—流行病学]