铌镁酸铅系弛豫铁电单晶材料的发展与应用  

Development and Application of Lead Magnesium Niobate Based Relaxor Ferroelectric Single Crystal Materials

作　　者：唐华 龙勇[2] 李金[2] 武欢[2] 何晔[2] 李璐[1] TANG Hua;LONG Yong;LI Jin;WU Huan;HE Ye;LI Lu(Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing 402160, China;The 26th Institute of China Electronics Technology Group Corporation, Chongqing 400060, China)

机构地区：[1]重庆文理学院材料科学与工程,重庆402160 [2]中国电子科技集团公司第二十六研究所,重庆400060

出　　处：《压电与声光》2021年第3期406-412,共7页Piezoelectrics & Acoustooptics

基　　金：国防创新特区计划基金资助项目(19-H863);重庆市自然科学基金资助项目(cstc2017jcyjAX0141);重庆市教委科学技术研究基金资助项目(KJQN202001346,KJ1711281&KJQN201901348);重庆机器人与智能制造领域技术创新成果产业化公共服务平台基金资助项目(2019-00900-1-1)。

摘　　要：该文总结了铌镁酸铅系弛豫铁电单晶材料的发展历程,铌镁酸铅系单晶材料的压电常数由最初的1540 pC/N提升至4000 pC/N,制备单晶的主要方法为改进的布里奇曼法。根据单晶的组分不同,工艺条件也有差别,在改进其性能的过程中其理论依据逐渐完善,弛豫铁电单晶高压电效应的根源是单畴剪切压电效应,在实际研究中可通过宏观或微观地改变局部结构对铁电相进行设计,使铁电自由能分布曲线变得平坦,从而达到提高其压电性能的目的。铌镁酸铅基弛豫铁电单晶性能优异,可替代锆钛酸铅(PZT)陶瓷而广泛用于医用超声探头、水下声纳及压电驱动器等领域。The development of lead niobate based relaxor ferroelectric single crystal material is summarized in this paper.The piezoelectric coefficient of lead magnesium niobate system has been increased from 1540 pC/N to 4000 pC/N to date.The improved Bridgeman method is commonly used to grow lead magnesium niobate ferroelectric single crystal,and the process conditions in preparation may vary according to different material compositions.The theoretical basis is gradually perfected in the process of improving its piezoelectric properties.The high piezoelectric effect of the relaxor ferroelectric single crystal originates from the single domain shear piezoelectric effect.In practical research,the ferroelectric phase can be designed by changing the local structure macroscopically or microscopically,so as to flatten the ferroelectric free energy distribution curve and improve its piezoelectric properties.The lead magnesium niobate based relaxor ferroelectric single crystal has excellent performance,and can replace PZT ceramics and can be widely used in medical ultrasonic probe,underwater sonar,piezoelectric actuator and other fields.

关 键 词：铌镁酸铅 铁电 弛豫 单晶 压电性能 

分 类 号：TN384[电子电信—物理电子学] TM22[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]