镍精炼工艺比较及发展方向  

Comparison and Development Direction of Nickel Refining Process

作　　者：钟清慎 贺秀珍 ZHONG Qing-shen;HE Xiu-zhen

机构地区：[1]金川集团铜业有限公司,甘肃金昌737100

出　　处：《有色冶金节能》2021年第3期4-10,共7页Energy Saving of Nonferrous Metallurgy

基　　金：金川集团“十一五”至“十三五”重大科技攻关项目。

摘　　要：本文比较分析了国内外镍冶炼企业采用的各种镍精炼工艺的技术特点,简要总结了金川镍精炼技术发展概况、取得突破的重大关键技术和金川镍精炼工艺存在的关键技术难题。结果表明:由传统硫化镍可溶阳极电解精炼工艺向硫酸浸出萃取分离电积精炼法或浓缩结晶法、氯化浸出萃取净化电积精炼法和羰基精炼法发展是镍精炼技术改进的主流方向。其中,羰基精炼法具有选择性最高、工艺流程最短、最容易实现自动化、环境最友好,节能降耗显著,关键技术均已突破的优点,是大型镍精炼企业镍精炼工艺改进的最优先方向。This paper compared and analyzed the technical characteristics of various nickel refining processes adopted by domestic and foreign nickel smelting enterprises,and briefly summarized the development of Jinchuan nickel refining technology and the major key technologies that had made breakthroughs and the key technical problems existing in Jinchuan nickel refining process.The results showed that the transformation from traditional nickel sulfide soluble anode electrolytic refining process to sulfuric acid leaching extraction separation electrowinning method or concentrated crystallization method,chlorination leaching extraction purification electrowinning method and carbonyl refining method was the mainstream direction of nickel refining technology improvement.Among them,the carbonyl refining method which had the advantages of the highest selectivity,the shortest process flow,the easiest to realize automation,the most environmental feature,significant energy saving and consumption reduction,and the key technologies had been broken through,was the most priority direction of nickel refining process improvement in large nickel refining enterprises.

关 键 词：镍精炼工艺 硫化镍 氧化镍 可溶阳极电解精炼法 硫酸浸出电积精炼法 硫酸浸出萃取净化结晶法 氯化浸出电积精炼法 羰基精炼法 高压氢还原法 技术改进 

分 类 号：TF815[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]