大学战略规划何以推动知识生产模式转型——杜克大学的个案研究  

How does the university strategic plan promote transformation of knowledge production modes:taking Duke University as an example

作　　者：全守杰 高鑫 QUAN Shoujie;GAO Xin(School of Education Science and Technology,Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University,Guangzhou 510665;School of Teacher Education,Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang 212013,China)

机构地区：[1]广东技术师范大学教育科学与技术学院,广东广州510665 [2]江苏大学教师教育学院,江苏镇江212013

出　　处：《高校教育管理》2021年第4期54-63,共10页Journal of Higher Education Management

基　　金：国家社科基金教育学项目(CIA180270);教育部人文社科项目(19JDSZK164);广东省哲学社会科学规划项目(GD20XJY60);江苏省教育科学规划重点资助项目(Ca20200103);江苏大学规划发展课题(G201902)。

摘　　要：知识生产模式1的知识生产情境主要由特定共同体的学术兴趣所主导,知识生产活动由特定学科兴趣所驱动;大学作为知识生产组织体现出同质性;知识生产主体多为大学教师等学术人员,其知识生产质量控制主要依靠同行评议。知识生产模式2具有知识生产情境的应用性、知识生产的跨学科性、异质性与组织多样性、社会问责性与反思性、质量控制方式的综合性与多维性等特征。杜克大学主动对自身状况、社会变革以及市场需求进行分析与调适,通过大学战略规划来推动知识生产模式1向模式2的转型:制定顺应知识生产目的转变的战略目标;实施以打破学科边界,推动学科跨越式发展为核心的战略行动计划;建构以多主体互补嵌入式关系为特征的组织结构;建立多主体参与质量控制的战略评价体系。当前,为了更好地以战略规划推动大学转型发展,我国大学在战略规划中应转变战略发展理念,兼顾学术使命与社会责任;开放组织边界,构建多元化跨学科单位;重构战略规划实施的评价,将内部自评与外部评估相结合。In knowledge production mode 1,the knowledge production situation is mainly dominated by academic interests of specific communities,while knowledge production activities are driven by specific subjects′interests.As an organization of knowledge production,the university embodies homogeneity.Most knowledge production subjects are academic staff such as university teachers,whose knowledge production quality control mainly relies on peer review.Knowledge production mode 2 has characteristics of application of the knowledge production situation,interdisciplinary knowledge production,heterogeneity and organizational diversity,social accountability and reflection,and the comprehensive and multidimensional quality control mode.Duke University analyzes and debugs its own situation,social change and market needs,and promotes the knowledge production mode transformation through the university strategic plan.Specifically,it formulates the strategic target which conforms to the transformation of the knowledge production purpose;implements the strategic action plan which breaks discipline boundaries and promotes disciplines to achieve leap-forward development;constructs an organizational structure characterized by multi-agent complementary embedded relations;establishes a strategic evaluation system involving multiple subjects in quality control.In order to better promote the transformation and development of universities with strategic planning,Chinese universities should change the concept of strategic development,and lay equal stress on academic missions and social responsibilities;open organizational boundaries,and construct multi-disciplinary units;reconstruct strategic plan evaluation by combining internal self-evaluation with external evaluation.

关 键 词：杜克大学 知识生产模式 大学战略规划 内涵式发展 组织更新 

分 类 号：G649[文化科学—高等教育学]