风机叶片雷击概率分布仿真计算  

Simulation Calculation of Lightning Strike Probability Distribution on Wind Turbine Blades

作　　者：王健[1] 蓝磊[1] 王羽[1] 文习山[1] 邓冶强 屈路 WANG Jian;LAN Lei;WANG Yu;WEN Xishan;DENG Yeqiang;QU Lu(School of Electrical Engineering and Automation,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China;Electric Power Research Institute,China Southern Power Grid Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510663,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学电气与自动化学院,武汉430072 [2]南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司,广州510663

出　　处：《电瓷避雷器》2021年第3期133-141,共9页Insulators and Surge Arresters

基　　金：国家电网公司2015年总部科技项目(编号:SGTYHT/14-JS-188)。

摘　　要：针对目前风机防雷设计效果不佳的问题,为提出技术经济最优的接闪器布置方案,需获取准确的风机叶片雷击概率分布特性。拟基于正极性迎面先导起始与发展模型和负极性地闪下行发展模型,结合有限元分析方法,建立风机接闪过程的物理仿真模型,计算不同雷电流幅值下风机不同部位的击距,并提出风机不同部位的接闪面积计算方法,得到典型风机叶片在三种不同角度时不同部位的雷击概率分布。仿真结果发现当单个叶片竖直向下、保持水平以及竖直时向上,在正极性和负极性雷电下,雷电在叶片0~5 m范围内附着的概率分别为89.77%、93.64%、97.09%和92.53%、95.98%、97.99%。三种叶片角度条件下,叶片根部36~40 m范围内,风机的接闪概率小于1%,与风电场实际风机的雷击统计数据进行对比,初步验证了模型的有效性,研究结果拟为风机叶片防雷方案提供指导意见。Aiming at the problem that the lightning protection design of wind turbine is not good,in order to put forward the optimal layout scheme of lightning receptor,it is necessary to obtain accurate lightning probability distribution characteristic of wind turbine. A physical simulation model of wind turbine lightning process was established based on the positive upward leader initiation and development process,as well as the downward leader development process of negative ground flash. The striking distances of different parts of wind turbine under different lightning current amplitudes were calculated by finite element method,and the calculation method of lightning contact area in different parts of wind turbine was proposed. The lightning strike probability distribution of different parts of typical wind turbine under three different positions was obtained. When a single blade is vertically downward,horizontal and vertically upward,the probability of lightning attachment within the range of 0-5 m is 89. 77%,93. 64%,97. 09%and 92. 53%,95. 98%,97. 99% in the case of positive and negative lightning. Under the condition of three blade angles,the lightning attachment probability of wind turbine within the range of 36-40 m at the blade root is less than 1%. The comparison with the actual lightning strike statistics of wind turbines in the wind farm verifies the validity of the model. The research results can provide guidance for the lightning protection of wind turbine blade.

关 键 词：先导发展模型 风机 有限元方法 击距 雷击概率分布 

分 类 号：TM315[电气工程—电机] TM862