邻苯二甲酸酯降解真菌的筛选及其降解特性和土壤修复作用  

Isolation,degradation characterization of phthalate-degrading fungi and their application in phthalate-contaminated soil

作　　者：于淑婷 万群[2] 余向阳[2] 陈小龙[2] 方香玲 YU Shu-ting;WAN Qun;YU Xiang-yang;CHEN Xiao-long;FANG Xiang-ling(College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730020,China;Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanjing 210014,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学草地农业科技学院,甘肃兰州730020 [2]江苏省农业科学院,江苏南京210014

出　　处：《江苏农业学报》2021年第3期660-666,共7页Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：从多年地膜污染棉田土壤中分离纯化出邻苯二甲酸酯(PAEs)降解真菌,筛选分离出对PAEs降解效果良好的3株非致病真菌PAE1、PAE6、PAE8,经形态学特征及18S rDNA序列分析,分别鉴定为菌核生枝顶孢霉(Acremonium sclerotigenum)、辐毛鬼伞(Coprinellus radians)、耐盐枝孢菌(Cladosporium halotolerans)。3株真菌在邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)起始质量分数为10 mg/kg时降解效率最高,PAE6降解率达68.4%。3株真菌均能降解多种PAEs,推测出其降解生物代谢路径为:PAE→单酯→PA→PCA→CO_(2)+H_(2)O。将3株真菌接种到DBP及邻苯二甲酸二辛酯(DEHP)污染的土壤中,接菌后21 d,DBP及DEHP降解率分别为47.2%~70.6%、54.1%~73.4%,其中PAE6对DEHP的降解率最高,达73.4%。表明3株真菌对土壤中DBP及DEHP污染具有良好的修复作用。Three non-pathogenic fungi PAE1,PAE6,PAE8 with good degradation effect on phthalate esters(PAEs)were isolated after the PAEs degradation fungi were separated and purified from the cotton field soil contaminated by plastic film for many years in Xinjiang.Fungi PAE1,PAE6 and PAE8 were identified as Acremonium sclerotigenum,Coprinellus radians and Cladosporium halotolerans respectively based on the morphological characteristics and 18S rDNA sequence analysis.Three fungi reached the maximum degradation efficiency when the initial mass fraction of dibutyl phthalate(DBP)was 10 mg/kg,and the degradation rate of PAEs was 68.4%.The three fungi could degrade a variety of PAEs,and it was speculated that their biodegradable metabolic pathway was PAE→monoester→PA→PCA→CO_(2)+H_(2)O.The three fungi were inoculated in the soil contaminated by DBP and dioctyl phthalate(DEHP),the degradation rate of DBP and DEHP were 47.2%-70.6%and 54.1%-73.4%respectively 21 days after inoculation,and the degradation rate of PAE6 against DEHP was 73.4%,and was the highest.The results indicated that three fungi showed good repairing effect in the soil contaminated by DBP and DEHP.

关 键 词：邻苯二甲酸酯(PAEs) 降解真菌 降解特性 土壤修复 

分 类 号：X592[环境科学与工程—环境工程]