陕西省绝经期妇女绝经年限与高血压患病率之间的关系  

Relationship between menopausal duration and prevalence of hypertension in postmenopausal women in Shaanxi Province

作　　者：杨睿海[1] 陈慧慧 褚超[3] 马琼[3] 严瑜 廖月园 陈晨[3] 孙月 杨军[1] 潘少梅 李健平 孙英贤[2] 牟建军[1] Yang Ruihai;Chen Huihui;Chu Chao;Ma Qiong;Yan Yu;Liao Yueyuan;Chen Chen;Sun Yue;Yang Jun;Pan Saomei;Li Jianping;Sun Yingxian;MouJianjun(Department ofCardiovascularMedicine,Hanzhong People′s Hospital,Shaanxi 723000,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西省汉中市人民医院心血管内科,723000 [2]中国医科大学附属第一医院心血管内科 [3]西安交通大学第一附属医院心血管内科

出　　处：《山西医药杂志》2021年第11期1779-1782,共4页Shanxi Medical Journal

基　　金：十三五国家重点研发计划(2017YFC1307600)。

摘　　要：目的探讨陕西省绝经期妇女绝经的年限与高血压患病率之间的关系。方法采用分层多阶段随机抽样对陕西省居民高血压患病情况进行调查,此次共抽取14764名调查对象,其中包含3335名绝经女性。将该部分研究对象按照绝经的年限<5年、5~9年、10~14年、≥15年进行分组,采用多因素Logistic回归模型分析绝经年限与高血压患病率之间的关系。结果不同绝经年限的女性在年龄、体质量指数(BMI)、腰围、收缩压、舒张压、文化水平、婚姻状态、吸烟、高血压家族史及避孕药使用史等因素方面差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而在脉搏、身体脂肪率、内脏脂肪指数、饮酒、雌激素替代治疗等方面差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。绝经后5~9年、10~14年、≥15年高血压患病风险分别增加了38%、60%、81%,可见高血压患病风险随着绝经年限的增长而升高,存在剂量反应关系。结论女性绝经年限是高血压患病风险的独立患病危险因素。应重点关注绝经期妇女的血压水平,尽早干预,预防高血压的发生,从而降低其他心血管疾病的患病风险。Objective To explore the relationship between menopausal duration and hypertension prevalence in menopausal women in Shaanxi Province.Methods Stratified and multistage random sampling was used to investigate the prevalence of hypertension among residents in Shaanxi Province.14764 subjects were selected,including 3335 menopausal women.The subjects were divided into groups according to the age of menopause<5 years,5~9 years,10~14 years and≥15 years.The relationship between menopause years and hypertension prevalence was analyzed by multivariate logistic regression model.Results The results showed that there were significant differences in age,BMI,waist circumference,systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,educational level,marital status,smoking,family history of hypertension and history of contraceptive use among women with different menopausal years(P<0.05),but there were no significant differences in pulse,body fat rate,visceral fat index,alcohol consumption and estrogen replacement therapy(P>0.05).The risk of hypertension increased by 38%,60%and 81%in postmenopausal 5~9 years,10~14 years and≥15 years,respectively.It can be seen that the risk of hypertension increased with the increase of menopausal duration,and there was a dose-response relationship.Conclusion Female menopause years is an independent risk factor for hypertension.We should pay more attention to the blood pressure level of menopausal women,and intervene as soon as possible to prevent the occurrence of hypertension,so as to reduce the risk of other cardiovascular diseases.

关 键 词：高血压 绝经期 患病率 

分 类 号：R544.1[医药卫生—心血管疾病]