术后恶心和呕吐非药物管理的最佳证据总结  

Best Evidence Summary for Non-pharmacological Management in Patients with Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting

作　　者：赵梓佳 赵丹 陈碧贤 林燕群 曾少珊 凌冬兰 ZHAO Zi-jia;ZHAO Dan;CHEN Bi-xian;LIN Yan-qun;ZENG Shao-shan;LING Dong-lan(The Third Surgical Department,Ghangzhou 510800,China;Dept.of Nursing Administration,Ghangzhou 510800,China;the Second Surgical Department,Guangzhou Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital,Ghangzhou 510800,China;Dept.of Nursing Administration,the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University,Guangzhou 510260,China)

机构地区：[1]广州市中西医结合医院外三科,广东广州510800 [2]广州市中西医结合医院护理部,广东广州510800 [3]广州市中西医结合医院外二科,广东广州510800 [4]广州医科大学附属第二医院护理部,广东广州510260

出　　处：《护理学报》2021年第11期33-39,共7页Journal of Nursing（China）

摘　　要：目的总结术后恶心和呕吐非药物管理的最佳证据,为术后恶心和呕吐患者的临床护理实践提供参考。方法根据循证护理的方法明确问题,并根据“6S”证据模型,检索有关术后恶心和呕吐的国内外证据,包括指南、共识、临床决策、证据总结类文献,由2名完成循证护理培训的研究员对纳入的文献独立评价,并对符合标准的文献进行证据提取。结果共纳入证据15篇,包括临床决策1篇,指南4篇,系统评价5篇,证据总结3篇,最佳实践1篇,专家共识1篇。汇总出术后恶心和呕吐非药物管理的最佳证据9个方面共26条。结论临床管理者需加强对术后恶心和呕吐的风险评估、非药物管理方法进行规范化培训。非药物方法可以从穴位刺激、耳穴压豆、呼吸控制指导、咀嚼口香糖这些方面进行选择形成适合科室的措施,应用于术后恶心和呕吐患者的科学管理。Objective To summarize the best evidence in regards to non-pharmacological management in patients with postoperative nausea and vomiting(PONV),to provide reference for clinical nursing practice for patients with PONV.Methods Problems were identified based on evidence-based nursing methods,and the“6S”pyramid model of evidence resource.Literature on PONV including guideline,consensus,clinical decision-making,and evidence summary was collected in domestic and foreign databases.Evaluation of the included literature was conducted by 2 researchers independently who had completed evidence-based nursing training.Evidence was extracted from articles meeting the standards.Results A total of 15 pieces of evidence were included with 1 clinical decision,4 guidelines,5 systematic reviews,3 evidence summaries,1 best practice,and 1 expert consensus.The best evidence of non-pharmaceutical management for PONV was summarized into 9 dimensions with 26 items.Conclusion Standardized training on risk assessment and non-pharmaceutical management for PONV should be strengthened.Non-pharmaceutical methods such as acupoint stimulation,ear points pressing beans,breath control guidance,and chewing gum are available selections for patients with PONV.

关 键 词：术后恶心和呕吐 最佳证据 非药物管理 循证护理 

分 类 号：R473.6[医药卫生—护理学]