历史是什么?--一种新实证主义的思考  

What Is History:A Retrospection from New Positive Perspective

作　　者：赵轶峰 Zhao Yifeng(Capital Normal University;Faculty for the Study of Asian Civilizations,Northeast Normal University,Changchun,Jilin,130024,China)

机构地区：[1]首都师范大学历史学院 [2]东北师范大学亚洲文明研究院,吉林长春130024

出　　处：《古代文明》2021年第3期3-10,M0003,共9页The Journal of Ancient Civilizations

摘　　要：爱德华·卡尔《历史是什么?》在解构历史客观性的话语建构中发生重要作用,然而其说过度混淆了历史与历史学,这种混淆与英语中“历史”一词的两解传统有关。类似的混淆在当代史学理论表述中屡见不鲜,但是即使在那些被作为后现代主义史学代表作品的著作中,可以看到对历史学主观性的深度关注和论说,却难以找到明确否认作为过去真实的历史客观存在的严谨论证。历史书写和认识的主观性与历史本身的客观性在统一的语境中讨论,才可能避免片面性。后现代主义史学理论虽然具有一些启发性,但在此问题上深化了误解,应该加以辨析。By What Is History?,Edward Carr made contribution to the revision of the positive understanding of history as a scholarship.Meanwhile,Carr failed to distinct the history as the past human experience and the history as a scholarship,which is related to the tradition of Western languages.Similar confusion can be seen in many other contemporary historiographical arguments.Nevertheless,there is hardly any serious argumentation to deny the existence of the factual past,even in the postmodernist thinkers’works although they indeed commonly focused on the subjectivity of historical studies.To avoid one-sidedness in this matter,the subjectivity of historical writing and cognition must be considered together with the objectivity of the factual past.While providing some insights indeed,the postmodernist historiography actually deepened the misunderstanding of history that should be seriously dealt with.

关 键 词：爱德华·卡尔 历史定义 历史客观性 新实证主义 

分 类 号：K06[历史地理—历史学]