失重性骨丢失的药物防护综述  

Review of Drug Protection of Bone Loss Induced by Microgravity

作　　者：袁国栋 李玉恒[1] 凌树宽[1] 许斌 赵建宁 李英贤[1] YUAN Guodong;LI Yuheng;LING Shukuan;XU Bin;ZHAO Jianning;LI Yingxian(State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application,China Astronaut Research and Training Center,Beijing 100094,China;Medical School of Southeast University,Nanjing 210009,China;Department of Orthopedics,General Hospital of Eastern Theater Command,Nanjing 210002,China)

机构地区：[1]中国航天员科研训练中心航天医学基础与应用国家重点实验室,北京100094 [2]东南大学医学院,南京210009 [3]东部战区总医院骨科,南京210002

出　　处：《载人航天》2021年第3期298-304,共7页Manned Spaceflight

基　　金：载人航天领域预先研究项目(020106);国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(31700741)。

摘　　要：针对失重所致的骨质丢失问题,总结归纳了用于防治失重性骨丢失的药物,并阐述了其作用机制。失重状态使骨吸收增加,骨形成减少,肠道钙吸收减少,继而导致承重骨骨密度和骨量下降。物理锻炼和药物治疗是失重性骨丢失防护的有效措施,此外综述了已经应用于航天飞行的维生素D和钙剂、维生素K及双膦酸盐等药物,并探讨了其他具有潜在抑制失重性骨丢失的药物及其防护机制。Targeting the problem of the bone loss induced by microgravity,the drugs used to prevent and treat bone loss induced by microgravity were summarized and the mechanisms of actions of those drugs were described.The microgravity increases the bone absorption,reduces the bone formation and intestinal calcium absorption,thus giving birth to the decrease in bone mineral density and bone mass of weight-bearing bones.In addition to physical exercise,drug therapy is an effective countermeasure against the bone loss induced by microgravity.The drugs that have been used in space flight such as vitamin D,calcium,vitamin K and bisphosphonates were reviewed.Meanwhile,the protective mechanisms of drugs that have the potential to inhibit bone loss induced by microgravity were discussed.

关 键 词：失重 骨丢失 药物防护 骨密度 

分 类 号：R859[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]