Ni-P镀层对Cu/Al钎焊界面结构及性能的影响机制  

Effect mechanism of Ni-P coating on the structure and properties of Cu/Al joints

作　　者：黄俊兰 龙伟民 钟素娟 耿进锋 丁天然 秦建 HUANG Junlan;LONG Weimin;ZHONG Sujuan;GENG Jinfeng;DING Tianran;QIN Jian(State Key Laboratory of Advanced Brazing Filler Metals and Technology,Zhengzhou Research Institute of Mechanical Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Zhengzhou,450001,China;State Grid Henan Electric Power Research Institute,Zhengzhou,450052,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州机械研究所有限公司,新型钎焊材料与技术国家重点实验室,郑州450001 [2]国网河南省电力公司电力科学研究院,郑州450052

出　　处：《焊接学报》2021年第5期51-56,70,I0005,共8页Transactions of The China Welding Institution

基　　金：河南省重大创新示范专项(201110210600);郑州市重大科技创新专项(2019CXZX0065).

摘　　要：为了研究Ni-P镀层对Cu/Al异种金属钎焊界面反应的影响,首次采用Zn98Al和BAl67CuSi两种钎料对含/不含Ni-P镀层的T2紫铜与3003铝合金进行了高频钎焊,获得4种不同的钎焊接头,分别对接头Cu侧界面结构、抗剪强度、断口形貌、显微硬度及弯曲形貌进行了系统研究,并与无镀层接头进行对比.结果表明,T2表面镀覆Ni-P后,Cu/Zn98Al/Al接头中Cu基体/钎缝界面结构由扩散层+8.8μm厚的Cu_(3.2)Zn_(4.2)Al_(0.7)化合物转变为1.5μm厚的Al3Ni化合物,而Cu/BAl67CuSi/Al接头中Cu基体/钎缝界面结构由扩散层+15μm厚CuAl_(2)转变为1.8μm厚Cu_(3)NiAl_(6);与无镀层接头相比,镀覆Ni-P后,Cu/Zn98Al/Al接头强度略有上升,Cu/BAl67CuSi/Al接头强度略有下降,但两种接头的韧性均明显增强,力学性能试验结果与接头Cu侧界面微观组织转变规律相符.最后建立了Cu/Al接头的界面反应模型,并阐明了Ni-P镀层对Cu/Al接头界面结构和力学性能的影响机制.To investigate the influence of Ni-P coating on the interfacial reaction of Cu/Al dissimilar metal brazing,two brazing filler metals,Zn98Al and BAl67CuSi,were first used to braze 3003 aluminum alloy and T2 copper with or without Ni-P coating.Four different brazing joints were obtained.The Cu side interfacial microstructure,joint shear strength,joint fracture morphology,joint microhardness and joint bending morphology were systematically studied.Additionally,the joints without Ni-P coating were also used for comparison.The results showed that the interfacial structure of the Cu/Zn98Al/Al brazed joint was Cu/diffusion layer+8.8μm thickness Cu_(3.2)Zn_(4.2)Al_(0.7).After the preparation of the Ni-P coating on the T2 copper surface,the interfacial structure transformed into Ni-P coating+1.5μm thickness Al_(3)Ni,which leaded to the higher strength and toughness.However,the interfacial structure of the Cu/BAl67CuSi/Al brazed joint changed from diffusion layer+15μm thickness CuAl_(2) to Ni-P coating+1.8μm thickness Cu_(3)NiAl_(6),which leaded to the higher toughness but the lower strength.The effect mechanism of Ni-P coating on the interfacial reaction of Cu/Al joint was clarified.The mechanical properties test results were consistent with the microstructure transition of the Cu side interface of the joint.Finally,the interfacial reaction model of the Cu/Al joint was established,and the influence mechanism of Ni-P coating on the interfacial structure and mechanical properties of the Cu/Al joint was illustrated.

关 键 词：NI-P镀层 Cu/Al接头 界面结构 强度 韧性 

分 类 号：TG454[金属学及工艺—焊接]