村庄社区中的多元一体——以嘉绒地区松岗村为例  

Multiple Integration Pattern in Village Community:A Case Study of Songgang Village in Jiarong Tibetan Area

作　　者：翟淑平 ZHAI Shuping(Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing100081)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院民族学与人类学研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《长白学刊》2021年第4期149-156,共8页Changbai Journal

摘　　要：费孝通提出的“多元一体格局”不仅能够解释中华民族这个广阔的意涵,也能在更为微观和具体的层次上具备阐释力。本研究选取嘉绒藏区的一个汉藏杂糅村落松岗为田野点,通过历史人类学的研究呈现其“多元”与“一体”的形成历程,以此来说明“多元一体格局”在村落视野中的展开。作为藏彝走廊地带的一个“小地方”,松岗村的地方发展历程透视出汉、藏文明的持续互动,在个人生命史、家族迁移史、村落变迁史等不同层面体现出来。历史上这些源自不同原乡的外来移民在异乡和异文化中,通过持续的日常生活,能够在不断的求同存异中形成共同的历史记忆,进而形成地域认同和身份认同,成为社会生活的统一体。松岗的个案研究表明,多元一体的格局与思路对于处理“多”和“一”的关系更具普适性,能够打通民族研究和社区研究的隔阂,并表明村落同样可视作包含多层次关系的文明体,这对于反思民族学与人类学的分野,以及民族地区的治理与发展,都具有重要意义。The“multiple integration pattern”proposed by Mr.FeiXiaotong can not only explain the broad meaning of the Chinese nation,but also have explanatory power at a more microscopic and specific level.In this study,Songgang,a mixed Han Tibetan village in Jiarong Tibetan area was selected as the field point.Through historical anthropological research,the formation of“diversity”and“integration”was presented to illustrate the“multiple integration pattern”in Unfolding in the village vision.As a“small place”in the Tibetan-Yi Corridor,the local history of Songgang Village shows the continuous interaction between the Han and Tibetan civilizations,which is reflected in different levels such as personal life history,family migration history,and village change history.In history,these immigrants from different hometowns in different hometowns and cultures can form a common historical memory through continuous daily life in seeking common ground while reserving differences,thus forming regional identity and personal identity,and becoming the unity of social life.The case of Songgang shows that“multiple integration pattern”is more universal in dealing with the relationship between“diversity”and“integration”,which can break through the gap between ethnic research and community research,and shows that villages can also be regarded as civilizations with multi-level relationships,which is of great significance to reflect on the distinction between ethnology and anthropology,as well as the governance and development of ethnic areas.

关 键 词：费孝通 多元一体 社区 嘉绒 

分 类 号：G127[文化科学]