基于GEE的祁连山国家公园生态环境质量评价及成因分析  

Eco-environmental quality assessment and cause analysis of Qilian Mountain National Park based on GEE

作　　者：张华[1] 宋金岳 李明 韩武宏 ZHANG Hua;SONG Jin-yue;LI Ming;HAN Wu-hong(School of Geography and Environmental Science,Northwest Normal University,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院,兰州730070

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2021年第6期1883-1894,共12页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41461011);兰州市人才创新创业项目(2019-RC-105)资助。

摘　　要：生态环境与人类生活密切相关。利用遥感技术能够客观、定量地评价生态环境质量的时空变化,为区域治理生态环境提供科学参考。本研究基于Google Earth Engine(GEE)平台,以Landsat TM/OLI遥感影像为基础数据源,计算得到可以反映生态环境质量的遥感生态指数(RSEI),并对祁连山国家公园1989—2019年的生态环境质量进行了评价及成因分析。结果表明:利用RSEI评价祁连山国家公园生态环境质量得到较好的结果,其中对生态环境质量有正向作用的指标为绿度和湿度指标,而干度和热度指标对生态环境质量有负面影响;祁连山国家公园时空变化分析表明,1989—2019年生态环境质量呈"缓慢下降-快速下降-上升"的趋势。时空差异分析表明,1989—1999年生态环境质量变化以不变为主;1999—2009年生态环境质量变化以轻度恶化为主;而2009—2019年生态环境质量变化以轻度改善为主;从生态环境质量的成因分析来看,4个指标影响均为显著。生态环境质量主导自然影响因子在1989年依次为绿度>干度>湿度>热度;1999年为热度>绿度>湿度>干度;2009年为干度>热度>湿度>绿度;而2019年依次为绿度>湿度>干度>热度。畜牧业是影响祁连山国家公园生态环境质量的重要人为因素。结果显示,GEE可以作为计算平台评价生态环境质量,扩展了在大范围长时间序列遥感生态指数评价生态环境质量中的应用。祁连山国家公园生态环境质量近年来向好的方向发展,但综合治理工作仍需提升。The eco-environment is highly related to human life. Remote sensing technique can objectively and quantitatively evaluate the spatial and temporal variations of eco-environment quality and thus provide a scientific basis for regional eco-environment management. Based on the Google Earth Engine( GEE) platform,we adopted Landsat TM/OLI remote sensing images as the basic data source to calculate the remote sensing ecological index( RSEI) that reflects the eco-environment quality. Using RSEI,we evaluated the eco-environmental quality of Qilian Mountain National Park during 1989-2019 and analyzed the reasons. The results showed that RSEI performed well in assessing the eco-environment qua-lity of Qilian Mountain National Park.Greenness and wetness were the two indices with positive effects on the eco-environment quality,while dryness and heat indices had adverse effects. The analysis of spatial and temporal variations in Qilian Mountain National Park showed that the eco-environment quality presented a trend of"slow decline-rapid decline-increase"during 1989-2019. Changes in eco-environment quality were stable from 1989 to 1999,mainly mildly deteriorated from 1999 to 2009,and mainly mildly improved from 2009 to 2019. The analysis of the causes of eco-environment quality showed that the effects of all the four indices were significant. The strength of natural factors in influencing eco-environment quality were in order of greenness > dryness > wetness > heat in 1989;heat >greenness > wetness > dryness in 1999;dryness > heat > wetness > greenness in 2009;and greenness > wetness > dryness > heat in 2019. Animal husbandry was an important factor affecting the eco-environment quality of Qilian Mountains National Park. Our results suggested that the GEE-based platform could be used as a computing platform to evaluate the eco-environment quality of Qilian Mountain National Park. This platform extends the application of RSEI in the evaluation of eco-environment quality at large scale and long time series. The eco-environmental

关 键 词：生态环境 Google Earth Engine 遥感生态指数 主成分分析 祁连山国家公园 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X36