面向船员心理健康的长江航运安全对策研究  

Research on the Yangtze River Shipping Safety Countermeasures Facing the Mental Health of Seafarers

作　　者：刘清[1,2] 裴建华 LIU Qing;PEI Jianhua(School of Transportation,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430063,China;National Water Transportation Safety Engineering Technical Research Center,Wuhan 430063,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学交通学院,武汉430063 [2]国家水运安全工程技术研究中心,武汉430063

出　　处：《武汉理工大学学报（交通科学与工程版）》2021年第3期424-428,434,共6页Journal of Wuhan University of Technology（Transportation Science & Engineering）

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51979214)。

摘　　要：保证船员心理健康是减少船舶通航人因事故的重要途经,为弥补面向长江船员心理健康的航运安全政策与措施研究的不足,通过问卷调查,明确影响船员心理健康的主要因素,从航运公司和政府角度提出提升船员心理健康水平的安全对策.为定量地探究安全对策的实施效果,基于系统动力学原理,构建内河船员心理健康的系统动力学(SD)模型,并运用Vensim软件对船员心理健康水平进行仿真预测.结果表明:在安全干预对策下,船员心理健康水平将稳定上升;航运公司采取的安全对策对船员心理健康的影响程度大于政府方面;航运公司方面,对船员心理健康水平提升效果最大的安全对策为落实带薪休假制度;政府方面,推进税收优惠及工资引导政策对船员心理健康的提升效果优于其他政策.结果表明:所提出的安全干预对策对船员心理健康状态具有明显的提升作用.Ensuring the mental health of seafarers is an important way to reduce human accidents in ship navigation.In order to make up for the lack of research on shipping safety policies and measures for the mental health of seafarers in the Yangtze River,the main factors affecting the mental health of seafarers were identified through questionnaire survey.From the perspective of shipping companies and government,this paper put forward safety countermeasures to improve the mental health level of seafarers.In order to quantitatively explore the implementation effect of safety measures,based on the principle of system dynamics,a system dynamics(SD)model of mental health of inland river crew was constructed.Meanwhile,the Vensim software was used to simulate and predict the mental health level of seafarers.The results show that under the safety intervention measures,the mental health level of seafarers will rise steadily.The safety measures adopted by shipping companies have a greater impact on the mental health of seafarers than the government.For shipping companies,the most effective safety measure to improve the mental health level of seafarers is to implement the paid vacation system.On the government side,the promotion of tax incentives and wage guidance policies has a better effect on the mental health of seafarers than other policies.The research results show that the proposed safety intervention measures can significantly improve the mental health status of seafarers.

关 键 词：航运安全 船员心理 系统动力学(SD) 仿真分析 对策效果 

分 类 号：U698[交通运输工程—港口、海岸及近海工程]