通航隧洞船舶尾气排放扩散数值模拟研究  

Study on the Numerical Simulation of Ship Emissions Dispersion Process in Navigable Tunnel

作　　者：汪瑞 黄立文[1,2] 谢澄 邓健[1,2] WANG Rui;HUANG Liwen;XIE Cheng;DENG Jian(School of Navigation,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430063,China;Hubei Inland Shipping Technology Key Laboratory,Wuhan 430063,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学航运学院,武汉430063 [2]内河航运技术湖北省重点实验室,武汉430063

出　　处：《武汉理工大学学报（交通科学与工程版）》2021年第3期580-585,共6页Journal of Wuhan University of Technology（Transportation Science & Engineering）

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2019YFB1600603)。

摘　　要：通航隧洞由于其特殊的半封闭结构,当通风条件不良时船舶尾气中的有毒有害成分大量积聚,可能危害船员生命安全,引发水上交通事故.目前我国尚未出台关于通航隧洞内船舶尾气体积分数的排放标准,工程中一般多引用公路隧道的设计标准,其适用性有待考证.通过选取内河某一典型通航隧洞为研究对象,建立船舶尾气排放的三维计算模型,应用计算流体动力学方法对通航隧洞在不同通风条件和不同通航水位下,船舶尾气中CO气体和NO_(2)气体的排放和扩散进行数值模拟,通过分析各气体体积分数的分布情况,结果显示,在自然通风条件下,人为设置纵向机械通风条件对于降低通航隧洞内船舶尾气的污染物浓度效果明显,且最高通航水位下虽通风条件较好但受隧洞空间减小等尾气体积分数反而有所增加.同时,无论在哪种通风模式下,隧洞内大部分区域均不能满足公路隧道标准中NO_(2)气体体积分数标准局部甚至超过标准10倍以上,公路隧道的设计标准对船舶通航隧洞具有一定的不适用性.Due to its special semi-closed structure,when the ventilation conditions are poor,the toxic and harmful components in the ship’s tail gas accumulate in large quantities,which may endanger the safety of crew members and cause water traffic accidents.However,at present,the emission standard of ship exhaust concentration in navigable tunnel has not been issued in China,and the design standard of highway tunnel is generally quoted in engineering,and its applicability needs to be verified.A three-dimensional calculation model of ship exhaust emission was established by selecting a typical navigable tunnel in inland river as the research object.Computational fluid dynamics(CFD)method was used to simulate the emission and diffusion of CO gas and NO_(2) gas in ship tail gas under different ventilation conditions and navigable water levels in navigable tunnels.By analyzing the distribution of various gas concentrations,the results show that under natural ventilation conditions,artificially setting longitudinal mechanical ventilation conditions has obvious effect on reducing the pollutant concentration of ship exhaust in navigation tunnels.At the highest navigable water level,although the ventilation conditions are better,the tail gas concentration increases due to the decrease of tunnel space.Meanwhile,no matter which ventilation mode,most areas in the tunnel can not meet the NO_(2) concentration standard in the highway tunnel standard,and even exceed the standard by more than ten times,so the design standard of highway tunnel is not applicable to the navigation tunnel of ships.

关 键 词：通航隧洞 船舶尾气 气体扩散 三维数值模拟 

分 类 号：U698.7[交通运输工程—港口、海岸及近海工程]