基于行为转变理论的居家护理对永久性膀胱造瘘患者生活质量的影响  

Effects ofhome care based on behavior change theory on quality of life in patients undergoing permanent cystostomy

作　　者：宋丽 许文娟 SONG Li;XU Wenjuan(Department of Nursing,Anhui Jimin Cancer Hospital,Hefei 230011,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽济民肿瘤医院护理部,合肥230011 [2]安徽省合肥市第三人民医院普外科,230022

出　　处：《安徽医学》2021年第6期675-680,共6页Anhui Medical Journal

基　　金：合肥市科技攻关计划(自筹)项目(项目编号:合科[2017]3号33)。

摘　　要：目的探讨基于行为转变理论的居家护理对永久性膀胱造瘘患者生活质量的影响。方法选取2018年6月至2019年6月安徽济民肿瘤医院收治的74例永久性膀胱造瘘患者。按出院顺序分为对照组(2018年6月至2018年12月出院,n=37)和观察组(2019年1月至2019年6月出院,n=37)。对照组采取常规居家护理,观察组采用基于行为转变理论的居家护理,比较干预前后两组研究对象心理状况、自护能力、自我感受负担和疾病感知程度和生活质量的差异。结果干预后观察组焦虑自评量表(SAS)评分、抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分、自我感受负担评分低于对照组(P<0.05);干预后观察组健康知识评分、自护责任感、自我概念、自护技能评分、疾病感知程度评分高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素重复测量资料方差分析,干预后2、4、6个月观察组SF-36评分较干预前增高(时间效应P<0.05);干预后观察组SF-36评分高于对照组(组间效应P<0.05);干预措施和时间存在交互作用(P<0.05)。结论基于行为转变理论的居家护理可明显减轻永久性膀胱造瘘患者的负性情绪、自我感受负担,并有效提高患者的疾病感知程度、自护能力和生活质量。Objective To explore the effects of home care based on behavior change theory on quality of life in patients undergoing permanent cystostomy.Methods A total of 74 patients undergoing permanent cystostomy in Anhui Jimin Cancer Hospital were divided into control group(between June and December 2018,n=37)and observation group(between January and June 2019,n=37)according to discharge order.The control group was given routine home care,while observation group was given home care based on behavior change theory.The differences in psychological status,self-care ability,self-perceived burden,disease perception and quality of life before and after intervention were comparedbetween the two groups.Results After intervention,scores of self-rating anxiety scale(SAS),self-rating depression scale(SDS)and self-perceived burden in observation group were lower than those in control group(P<0.05),while scores of health knowledge,self-care responsibility,self-concept,self-care skills and disease perception were higher than those in control group(P<0.05).The variance analysis of multiple factors repeated measurementat 2,4 and 6 months after intervention,SF-36 scores were higher than those before intervention in observation group(time effect P<0.05),which were higher in observation group than control group(between-group effect P<0.05).There were interactive effects on SF-36 scores in terms of intervention measures and time(P<0.05).Conclusions Home care based on behavior change theory can significantly relieve negative emotions and self-perceive burden of patients undergoing permanent cystostomy,which can evidently improve disease perception,self-care ability and quality of life.

关 键 词：膀胱造瘘 永久性 行为转变理论 居家护理 生活质量 

分 类 号：R473.6[医药卫生—护理学]