苹果轮纹病菌产生细胞壁降解酶种类及其活性分析  

The Varieties and Activities of Cell Wall-degrading Enzymes Produced by Botryosphaeria dothideafrom Apple Fruit

作　　者：李沅泽 李保华 王彩霞 LI Yuanze;LI Baohua;WANG Caixia(College of Plant Health and Medicine,Qingdao Agricultural University/Key Lab of Integrated Crop Pest Management of Shandong,Qingdao 266109,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛农业大学植物医学学院/山东省植物病虫害综合防控重点实验室,山东青岛266109

出　　处：《青岛农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第2期85-90,105,共7页Journal of Qingdao Agricultural University(Natural Science)

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-28)。

摘　　要：为明确苹果轮纹病菌产生细胞壁降解酶种类及其活性,利用3,5-二硝基水杨酸(DNS)法测定了不同培养基上的9种细胞壁降解酶活性及轮纹病菌侵染果实过程中各酶活性变化规律。结果表明,轮纹病菌可产生木聚糖酶、多聚半乳糖醛酸酶(PG)、果胶甲基半乳糖醛酸酶(PMG)等7种细胞壁降解酶;不同碳源培养条件下,该病菌产生细胞壁降解酶种类、活性及达到酶活性峰值时间均存在差异,其中蔗糖为碳源时诱导产生的酶种类最多活性最大,且轮纹病菌生长最快,菌丝干重达0.18 g。此外,轮纹病菌在成熟果实和幼果中,所分泌细胞壁降解酶种类和活性不同。成熟果实中,检测到7种细胞壁降解酶,其中β-葡萄糖苷酶活性最高达11.72 U/g;幼果中,仅检测到6种细胞壁降解酶,且酶活性水平显著低于成熟果实,其中PG酶活性最高仅为3.23 U/g。然而,在发病苹果枝条中均未检测到上述细胞壁降解酶,说明轮纹病菌致病机制十分复杂。In order to characterize the kinds and activities of cell wall-degrading enzymes(CWDEs)produced by Botryosphaeria dothidea from apple fruit,the 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid(DNS)assay was used to detect the activities of nine CWDEs on different media,and to identify the changes of each enzyme activity during the fruit infection by B.dothidea.The results showed that 7 CWDEs such as xylanase,pectin-methyl galacturonase(PMG)and polygalacturonase(PG)etc.were produced by B.dothidea.Under culture conditions of different carbon sources,there were differences in the types and activities of CWDEs as well as the enzyme activity peak time.Utilizing sucrose as a sole carbon source,the types and activities of CWDEs reached the highest value,B.dothidea grew the fastest and reached 0.18 g dry weight in mycelia.In addition,the varieties and activities of CWDEs secreted by B.dothidea were different from apple fruits at different stages.In mature apple fruits,7 CWDEs were detected,among which the activity ofβ-glucosidase was the highest and was up to 11.72 U/g.In young fruits,6 CWDEs were detected,while the enzyme activity levels were significantly lower than that in the mature fruits,among which the activity of PG was the highest and was only 3.23 U/g.However,none of the above-mentioned 9 CWDEs was detected in the diseased apple branches,which indicated that the pathogenicity of B.dothidea was very complicated.

关 键 词：苹果轮纹病菌 细胞壁降解酶 酶活性 碳源 苹果果实 

分 类 号：S436.611.1[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]