基于轨道公交一体化的公交线网优化调整方法  

Optimization and Adjustment Method of Bus Network Based on Rail Transit and Bus Integration

作　　者：尹怡晓 赵海宾[1] 郭忠[1] 梁志埠 孙晓能 李振宇[1] YIN Yi-xiao;ZHAO Hai-bin;GUO Zhong;LIANG Zhi-fu;SUN Xiao-neng;LI Zhen-yu(China Academy of Transportation Sciences,Beijing 100029,China;Fujian Transportation Development Center,Fuzhou 350001,China;Shenzhen Urban Transport Planning Center Co.,Ltd.,Yunnan Branch,Kunming 650032,China)

机构地区：[1]交通运输部科学研究院,北京100029 [2]福建省运输事业发展中心,福建福州350001 [3]深圳市城市交通规划设计研究中心有限公司云南分公司,云南昆明650032

出　　处：《交通运输研究》2021年第3期62-71,81,共11页Transport Research

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费项目(20194807);福建省运输管理局城市交通地铁和公交系统协同联动技术研发项目(2019148013)。

摘　　要：为提升常规公交与轨道交通衔接水平,弱化二者客流竞争,提出基于轨道公交一体化的常规公交线网优化调整方法。首先,计算轨道交通影响范围内既有公交线路重合度和客运量,并采用聚类分析法筛选出待调线路集,按照与中心区的相对位置将待调线路分为区内线、区外线、尽头线和过境线4类,分别提出不同类型线路的调整方法。然后,选择高峰期公交衔接客流强度大的轨道站点为接驳公交站,建立目标约束函数,以乘客出行时间最小为目标生成新增接驳公交线路。最后,借助TransCAD建模并通过SPSS进行聚类分析,对昆明轨道交通1,2,3号线影响范围内的既有公交线路进行调整并新增接驳公交线路。调整后的公交线网密度增加了0.21km/km^(2),站点500m覆盖率增加了3.2%,公交线路重复系数降低了0.08,结果表明此方法能有效缓解轨道和公交客流竞争,增强一体化网络服务能力。In order to improve the connection level and weaken the passenger flow competition between conventional bus and rail transit,the optimization and adjustment method of conventional bus network based on rail transit and bus integration was put forward.Firstly,the coincidence degree and passenger volume of existing bus lines within the impact areas of rail transit were calculated,and the cluster analysis was applied to select bus lines to be adjusted.According to their relative position with central area,the bus lines to be adjusted were divided into four types:internal lines,external lines,end lines and transit lines,the adjustment methods for different types of lines were proposed.Secondly,the rail transit stations with high intensity of bus connection passenger flow in peak hours were selected as the feeder bus stations.The objective constraint function was applied to generate new feeder bus lines with minimizing passenger travel time set as the constraint target.One this basis,the existing bus lines adjusted plan and new feeder bus line plan of Kunming Rail transit 1,2 and 3 lines were analyzed based on the TransCAD model and SPSS cluster analysis results.After the adjustment,the bus network density increased by 0.21km/km^(2),the 500m coverage rate of stations increased by 3.2%,and the bus line repetition coefficient decreased by 0.08.The results show that this method can effectively alleviate the competition on passenger flow between rail transit and bus,and enhance the integrated network service ability.

关 键 词：轨道公交一体化 重合度 优化调整 常规公交 接驳公交 

分 类 号：U491.1[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]