互联网、城镇化与城乡收入差距:理论机理和实证检验  

Internet,Urbanization and the Urban-rural Income Gap:Theoretical Mechanism and Empirical Test

作　　者：罗超平[1,2] 朱培伟 张璨璨 胡猛 LUO Chao-ping;ZHU Pei-wei;ZHANG Can-can;HU Meng(School of Economics and Management,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China;Institute of Intelligent Finance and Digital Economy,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学经济管理学院,重庆400715 [2]西南大学智能金融与数字经济研究院,重庆400715

出　　处：《西部论坛》2021年第3期28-43,共16页West Forum

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(15ZDB169);国家自然科学基金项目(71473205,71373215);西南大学人文社科研究项目重大项目培育(SWU1909035)。

摘　　要：由于城乡差异的存在,互联网发展和普及带来的数字红利对城乡居民收入的影响存在异质性和时变性,进而对城乡收入差距具有非线性影响,且这种影响受到城镇化水平的制约并表现出地区和群体异质性。采用2003-2018年中国31个样本省区市面板数据的实证分析发现:互联网发展对城乡收入差距存在显著的倒“U”型非线性影响;互联网与城镇化融合发展可以对城乡收入差距产生更强的抑制效应,且互联网发展对农村居民的收入增长促进效应大于城镇居民;互联网发展对城乡收入差距的影响受到城镇化水平的制约,且大部分省区市的城镇化水平还未达到最优临界值,具有一定提升空间。因此,应注重互联网发展的整体推进和区域差异,致力于多维度降低城乡数字鸿沟,增强农业农村发展活力,以制度创新促进城乡要素合理双向流动和要素红利释放,通过互联网与新型城镇化的融合发展有效缩小城乡收入差距,进而促进城乡协调发展。Because of the existence of urban-rural gap,the impact of the digital dividends brought by internet development and popularization on the income of urban and rural residents has heterogeneity and time-varying effect,and further has nonlinear influence on urban and rural income gap,but this impact is restricted by urbanization level and expresses regional and group heterogeneity.The empirical analysis by using the panel data of China’s 31 provinces,districts and municipalities during 2003-2018 shows that the internet development has significantly inverted“U”type nonlinear influence on urban and rural income gap,that the integrated development of internet and urbanization can produce stronger suppressing effect on urban and rural income gap,and the promoting effect of internet development on the income growth of rural residents is bigger than that of urban residents.The impact of internet development on urban and rural income gap is restricted by urbanization development level,the urbanization level of the most of provinces,districts and municipalities has not reached the optimal critical value and has certain improvement space.Therefore,we should pay attention to the overall promotion and regional development difference of internet development,make efforts to multi-dimensionally reduce digital gap between urban and rural areas,increase agricultural and countryside development vitality,use institutional innovation to boost the bidirectional flow of urban and rural factors and factor dividend release,and effectively narrow urban-rural income gap by the integrated development of internet and new-style urbanization to promote the coordinated development between urban-rural areas.

关 键 词：互联网 城镇化 城乡收入差距 门限效应 城乡融合 

分 类 号：F062.4[经济管理—政治经济学] F391.3