Biochar-induced changes in metal mobility and uptake by perennial plants in a ferralsol of Brazil’s Atlantic forest  

作　　者：Konstantin von Gunten Magdalena Hubmann Robert Ineichen Yunhai Gao Konhauser OKurt Daniel SAlessi 

机构地区：[1]University of Alberta,Earth and Atmospheric Sciences,1-26 Earth Sciences Building,Edmonton,AB T6G 2E3,Canada [2]University of Alberta,Agricultural,Food and Nutritional Science,410 Agriculture/Forestry Centre,Edmonton,AB T6G 2P5,Canada [3]AgraDEço,Rua do Mundo,Paraty,RJ 23970-000,Brazil

出　　处：《Biochar》2019年第3期309-324,共16页生物炭（英文）

基　　金：This study was financially supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada(Discovery Grant RGPIN-04134 to D.S.A.);the Graduate Student Association(travel Grant to K.v.G.);the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research(travel Grant to M.H.)。

摘　　要：Despite an abundance of short-term studies focusing on biochar’s effects on annual plants,the long-term effects of biochar on perennial plants and the effects of the biochar on the mobility and speciation changes of metals/metalloids not limited to main plant nutrients in soils are poorly constrained.This study reports on the amelioration a sloped orthic ferralsol by biochar from Tibouchina wood and the resulting effects on perennial crops and microbiota,including a comprehensive analysis of metals/metalloids speciation changes.Fields were amended with biochar and urine-amended biochar(2 kg/m^(2))and were planted with papaya,banana,and manioc.Soil and plant materials were analyzed using acid digestions,sequential extractions,and 16S rRNA gene sequencing.Biochar applications led to decreased soil acidity,shifted the cation exchange capacity from being Al-influenced to being Mg/K/Ca-dominated,and elevated the concentrations of Mg,K,Ca,Zn,and Ba in soils.The exchangeable/acid-soluble fraction of Ca,P,and S notably increased.The soil microbial biome became more species rich and diverse in the biochar-amended fields.Manioc benefited from biochar applications,demonstrating increased growth,which resulted in generally decreased concentrations of trace elements in most plant parts,however,with an increased total elemental uptake.Urine amendment contributed to higher concentrations of P,S,and K in soils,but did not further increase plant growth.Biochar was shown to be a promising soil amendment for agricultural use of orthic ferralsols of the Brazil’s Atlantic forest region,but the accumulation of potentially harmful metals needs to be considered.

关 键 词：Biochar in agriculture AGROFORESTRY Ferralsol management Trace-metal speciation BIOGEOCHEMISTRY Plant metal uptake 

分 类 号：S15[农业科学—土壤学]