谷子和玉米叶片光合荧光参数对烟嘧磺隆胁迫的响应差异  

Responses of Photosynthetic Fluorescence Parameters in Foxtail Millet and Maize Leaves under Nicosulfuron Stress

作　　者：高鹏 郭美俊 杨雪芳 董淑琦[1] 温银元[1] 郭平毅[1] 原向阳[1] Gao Peng;Guo Meijun;Yang Xuefang;Dong Shuqi;Wen Yinyuan;Guo Pingyi;Yuan Xiangyang(College of Agriculture,Shanxi Agricultural University,Jinzhong 030801,Shanxi,China;Jinzhong University,Jinzhong 030600,Shanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学农学院,山西晋中030801 [2]晋中学院,山西晋中030600

出　　处：《作物杂志》2021年第3期70-77,共8页Crops

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系专项(CARS-06-13.5-A28);山西省重点研发计划项目(201903D221030);山西省粮食系统科技攻关计划项目(201802);山西省1331工程重点创新团队(谷子)项目;山西农业大学青年拔尖创新人才支持计划项目(TYIT201406)。

摘　　要：为探明谷子和玉米对烟嘧磺隆胁迫差异的光合生理机制,采用盆栽试验,选用谷子(张杂10号和晋谷21号)及玉米(迪甜8号和农大108号)为试验材料,在四叶一心期喷施5个不同剂量的烟嘧磺隆,分别在处理后7d和15d测定幼苗株高、叶面积、SPAD值、净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、胞间CO2浓度(Ci)、叶片最大光化学产量(Fv/Fm)、实际光化学效率[Y(Ⅱ)]、光化学猝灭系数(qP)和非光化学猝灭系数(NPQ)的变化。结果表明,除7.5g/hm^(2)的烟嘧磺隆处理之外,张杂10号、晋谷21号和迪甜8号的株高、叶面积、SPAD值、Pn、Gs、Tr、Fv/Fm、Y(Ⅱ)和qP在用药后7d和15d时均显著低于对照,各指标在用药浓度15.0~60.0g/hm^(2)处理之间的下降幅度均随烟嘧磺隆剂量的升高而增大;而Ci和NPQ却呈相反趋势。在15.0~120.0g/hm^(2)处理之间,处理后7d和15d农大108号的所有指标均与对照差异不显著。综上所述,谷子对烟嘧磺隆的抗性弱于玉米,品种间也存在差异,部分原因是烟嘧磺隆显著降低了敏感品种叶片的叶绿素含量,虽然增加了光能热耗散,但PSⅡ功能还是受到抑制,导致光合能力下降。To clarify the photosynthetic physiological mechanism of foxtail millet and maize under nicosulfuron stress,a pot experiment was conducted by using foxtail millet(Zhangza 10,Jingu 21)and maize(Ditian 8 and Nongda 108)as the materials with five different dosages of nicosulfuron.The plant height,leaf area,SPAD value,net photosynthetic rate(Pn),stomatal conductance(Gs),transpiration rate(Tr),intercellular CO2 concentration(Ci),the maximum photochemical yield(Fv/Fm),actual photochemical efficiency[Y(II)],photochemical quenching coefficient(q P),and non-photochemical quenching coefficient(NPQ)of foxtail millet and maize were determined at 7 d and 15 d after treatment.The results showed that except for the 7.5 g/ha nicosulfuron treatment,the plant height,leaf area,SPAD,Pn,Gs,Tr,Fv/Fm,Y(II),q P of Zhangza 10,Jingu 21,and Ditian 8 were significantly lower than the control at 7 d and 15 d after treatment.The decline of each index was increased with the increase of nicosulfuron dose(15.0-60.0 g/ha),while Ci and NPQ had an opposite trend.From 15.0 g/ha to120.0 g/ha,all the indexes of Nongda 108 had no difference compared with the control.In summary,the resistance of foxtail millet to nicosulfuron was weaker than that of maize,and there were significant differences among the varieties,part of the reason was mainly that nicosulfuron significantly reduced the chlorophyll content of sensitive varieties,although it increased the thermal dissipation of light energy,the structure of PSII was greatly damaged which eventually led to a decline in photosynthetic capacity.

关 键 词：谷子 玉米 烟嘧磺隆 光合参数 叶绿素荧光参数 

分 类 号：S515[农业科学—作物学] S513