蛟河晒红烟移栽期和覆盖方式对烟株干物质积累和烟叶经济性状的影响  

Effects of Transplanting Dates and Mulching Methods on Dry Matter Accumulation and Economic Characteristics of Dark Sun-Cured Tobacco in Jiaohe

作　　者：陈成立 王静[1] 付全善 侯振武 蒋伟峰 李立平 郭书洋 饶超奇 符云鹏[1] Chen Chengli;Wang Jing;Fu Quanshan;Hou Zhenwu;Jiang Weifeng;Li Liping;Guo Shuyang;Rao Chaoqi;Fu Yunpeng(College of Tobacco Science,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,Henan,China;Jilin Jiaohe Tobacco Co.,Ltd.,Jiaohe 132500,Jilin,China;Meteorological Bureau of Jiaohe,Jiaohe 132500,Jilin,China;Jiangxi Tobacco Industry Co.,Ltd.,Nanchang 330000,Jiangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学烟草学院,河南郑州450002 [2]吉林省蛟河市烟叶有限公司,吉林蛟河132500 [3]吉林省蛟河市气象局,吉林蛟河132500 [4]江西中烟工业有限责任公司,江西南昌330000

出　　处：《作物杂志》2021年第3期126-132,共7页Crops

基　　金：长春市烟草公司科技项目“蛟河优质晒红烟和晒黄烟关键技术研究与应用”(JY2017-01)。

摘　　要：为揭示不同移栽期和覆盖方式对晒红烟干物质积累动态特征和有效积温关系的影响,以吉林蛟河晒红烟品种漂河1号为材料,研究3个移栽期(5月24日、5月29日、6月4日)和2种覆盖方式(不覆盖、地膜覆盖)对晒红烟生育期天数、有效积温、干物质积累特征及烟叶经济性状的影响。结果表明,提前移栽期可延长晒红烟伸根期天数;提前移栽期和地膜覆盖可延长晒红烟成熟期天数,提高了晒红烟成熟期有效积温和采收前干物质积累量,干物质积累速率峰值出现积温和快增期开始积温、结束积温均提前,降低干物质平均积累速率,提高快增期干物质积累量;移栽期提前,各处理产量下降,产值先升后降,地膜覆盖处理的上等烟比例和均价逐渐增加。相关性分析表明,干物质平均积累速率和干物质积累速率峰值出现积温对晒红烟经济性状的形成至关重要。因此,蛟河晒红烟在5月24日-5月29日移栽并采用地膜覆盖栽培较为适宜。To reveal the effects of different transplanting dates and mulching methods on the relationship between the dynamic characteristics of dry matter accumulation and effective accumulated temperature of dark sun-cured tobacco,the local sun-cured tobacco variety,Piaohe No.1,was used as the plant material to study the effects of three transplanting periods(May 24,May 29,June 4)and two coverage methods(no coverage and mulching method)on the growth period of dark sun-cured tobacco,effective accumulated temperature,dry matter accumulation characteristics,and tobacco economic properties.The results showed that advancing date could extend the root spreading period of dark sun-cured tobacco.Advancing the transplanting date and mulching film could extend the days of maturity period,improve the effective accumulation temprature and dry matter accumulation before harvest of dark sun-cured tobacco.Effective accumulative temperature and rapid increase period begin and end the accumulated temperature during the rapid increase period were both advanced,the average accumulation rate of dry matter decreased and the accumulation of dry matter during the rapid increase period inceased.When the transplanting date was advanced,the yield of each treatment decreased,and the output value first raised and then decreased.The proportion and average price of equal cigarettes had gradually increased.Correlation analysis showed that the average dry matter accumulation rate and the accumulated temperature of the peak dry matter accumulation rate were crucial to the formation of economic properties of dark sun-cured tobacco.Therefore,Jiaohe sun-cured tobacco should be transplanted from May 24 to May 29 and cultivated with plastic film mulching.

关 键 词：晒红烟 移栽期 覆盖方式 干物质积累 LOGISTIC模型 经济性状 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]