控制异丁烯叠合反应催化剂床层温升的探讨  

Discussion on Controlling Temperature Rise of Catalyst Bed for Isobutene Oligomerization

作　　者：刘成军 吕晓东 李倞琛 管秀明 Liu Chengjun;Lv Xiaodong;Li Liangchen;Guan Xiuming(CNPC East-China Design Institute Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao Shandong 266071;Dandong Mingzhu Special Resin Co.,Ltd.,Dandong Liaoning 118009)

机构地区：[1]中石油华东设计院有限公司,山东青岛266071 [2]丹东明珠特种树脂有限公司,辽宁丹东118009

出　　处：《中外能源》2021年第6期68-74,共7页Sino-Global Energy

基　　金：中国石油集团工程股份有限公司科研课题“MTBE转产异辛烷的工艺研究与开发”(项目编号:2018ZYGC-04-11)的支持。

摘　　要：通过分析对异丁烯叠合反应器温升进行有效控制的方法,得出:①固定床外循环对原料适应性强、反应器结构简单、便于操作,但当以反应产物或剩余C4为循环物料时存在副产物含量高的问题;②列管固定床可将反应温度控制在较适宜的范围内,副反应产物少,但反应器结构较复杂、催化剂装填要求严格、列管内存在"热点";③新型热管反应器可快速移出反应热,温度控制灵活,但反应器取热流程复杂,蛇形回路热管组件不易检查和维修;④催化蒸馏将反应与分馏高度耦合,该方法易于控制反应温度,并将反应热用于轻、重组分分离,但催化蒸馏塔内件结构复杂、催化蒸馏模块价格高;⑤混相床与固定床组合技术可平稳控制反应温度,可根据需要灵活调节多种工艺参数,异丁烯转化率高,但也存在当混合C4中异丁烯质量分数大于30%时应用受限等缺点。上述技术各有优缺点,选用时应根据原料组成、产品质量要求、设备和操作费用等综合考虑后确定。总体而言,混相床与固定床组合技术兼顾产品质量及操作灵活性,建议在同等条件下优先选用。The methods for effective control of the temperature rise of isobutene oligomerization reactor are analyzed.It is pointed out that the fixed bed with external circulation has the advantages of strong adaptabili-ty to raw materials,simple reactor structure and easy operation,but there is a problem of high by-product content when the reaction product or residual C4 is used as the circulating material.The tubular fixed bed reactor can control the reaction temperature in a suitable range with less by-products,but the reactor structure is complex,the catalyst loading requirements are strict,and there are "hot spots" in the tubes.The new heat pipe reactor can remove the reaction heat quickly and control the temperature flexibly,but the heat removal process is complicated and the inspection and repair of coil loop heat pipe assembly is difficult.Catalytic dis-tillation,in which reaction is highly coupled with fractionation,can easily control the reaction temperature and use the reaction heat to separate light components from heavy components,but the internal structure of catalytic distillation tower is complex and the catalytic distillation module is costly.The combined technology of mixed phase bed and fixed bed can smoothly control the reaction temperature,flexibly adjust a variety of process parameters according to the needs and has high isobutene conversion rate,but it has some disadvantages such as limited application when the mass fraction of isobutene in mixed C4 is higher than 30%.The above technologies have their own advantages and disadvantages.The selection should be based on a compre-hensive consideration of raw material composition,product quality requirements and equipment and operating costs.In general,the combined technology of mixed phase bed and fixed bed gives consideration to both product quality and operation flexibility,so it is recommended as the first choice under the same conditions.

关 键 词：反应器结构 异丁烯 催化蒸馏 催化剂装填 混合C4 列管 操作灵活性 操作费用 

分 类 号：TQ426[化学工程] TQ221.2