预加氢反应器压降上涨原因分析及应对措施  

Reason Analysis and Countermeasures for Pressure Drop Rise in Pre-hydrogenation Reactor

作　　者：许建文[1] Xu Jianwen(SINOPEC Yangzi Petrochemical Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing Jiangsu 210048)

机构地区：[1]中国石化扬子石油化工有限公司,江苏南京210048

出　　处：《中外能源》2021年第6期75-79,共5页Sino-Global Energy

摘　　要：预加氢是借助催化剂的作用对原料进行预处理,脱除杂质,满足重整反应系统对原料的质量要求的。扬子石化预加氢反应器压降多次出现异常上涨的问题,频繁撇头不仅作业风险较大,而且耗时、耗力并造成较大的经济损失,影响了装置的"安稳长满优"运行。通过对原料组成、原料杂质、炉管结焦和负荷调整等方面进行分析,综合分析了压降异常上涨的原因。分析发现,压降异常上涨的主要原因是原料携带的杂质、腐蚀性产物和预加氢系统在高温条件下反应产生的结焦物在装置负荷调整期间或者操作异常波动时被带到反应器床层顶部,积存在床层上部保护剂和上层催化剂的孔隙之间,造成反应器压降不断增加。建议采用的措施为:强化原料管理、优化反应条件、平稳操作生产、降低炉管积炭和采用床层压降抑制剂等,从而有利于装置长周期运行。In order to meet the quality requirements of feedstock to reforming reactor,the feedstock must be pretreated in pre-hydrogenation reactor in the presence of catalyst to remove the undesirable fractions.The pressure drop of the pre-hydrogenation reactor in SINOPEC Yangzi Petrochemical Co.,Ltd.increased abnormally many times.Frequent skimming of catalyst bed not only caused high operation risk,but also was time-consuming and labor-intensive and caused great economic losses,affecting the safe,stable,long-term,full-load and optimal operation of the unit.The reasons for the abnormal rise of pressure drop were comprehensively analyzed from the aspects of feedstock composition,feedstock impurities,furnace tube coking and load adjustment.The results showed that the primary reason for the abnormal rise of pressure drop was the carry-over of the impurities in feedstock,the corrosive products and the coke formed by reactions in the pre-hydrogenation system at high temperature into the top of reactor bed during the load adjustment or abnormal operation fluctuation of the unit.These substances accumulated between the pores of the upper protective agents and the upper catalysts,resulting in the continuous increase of pressure drop in the reactor.The following measures such as strengthening the raw material management,optimizing the reaction conditions,stabilizing the operation and production,reducing the carbon deposits on furnace tubes and adopting pressure drop inhibitors were rec-ommended to ensure the long period operation of the unit.

关 键 词：床层压降 异常波动 装置负荷 原料杂质 结焦物 负荷调整 重整反应 催化剂 

分 类 号：TQ052[化学工程]