上海郊区四种不同类型果园土壤养分特征研究  

Soil Nutrient Characteristics in Four Orchards of Shanghai Suburb

作　　者：赵峥[1] 褚长彬[1] 周德平[1] 王庆峰 吴淑杭[1] ZHAO Zheng;CHU Chang-bin;ZHOU De-ping;WANG Qing-feng;WU Shu-hang(Eco-environmental Protection Research Institute,Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shanghai 201403,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市农业科学院生态环境保护研究所,上海201403

出　　处：《土壤通报》2021年第3期635-641,共7页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：上海市科技兴农推广项目(沪农科推字(2018)第1-6号);上海市科委科研计划项目(18391902600);上海市科委科研计划项目(20015800600)资助。

摘　　要：以上海郊区规模化果园为研究对象,采用土壤养分状况系统研究法(ASI法)对葡萄、桃、柑橘和梨四种类型果园的土壤养分特征进行研究,以期为规模化果园养分的科学管理与高效施肥提供参考。结果表明葡萄园土壤中有效态氮、磷、钾含量普遍高于其他三种果园,而柑橘园土壤主要养分含量则普遍较低;中微量元素方面则不同类型果园之间各具优势;土壤pH方面则葡萄园和桃园呈中性,柑橘园呈弱碱性,而梨园呈弱酸性。总的来说,上海郊区四种不同类型果园中土壤养分特征存在较大差异。根据ASI法养分分级标准,目前上海郊区各类果园中土壤养分处于较为充足的状态,某些土壤养分含量如有效磷处于过量状态,果园的养分管理应根据土壤营养状态做出适当调整,进行按需施肥,从而实现规模化果园的清洁高效生产。Soil nutrient characteristic is a key factor that impacts plant growth and yields.In order to provide a reference for scientific fertilization and efficient nutrients management in large-scale orchards,soil nutrient characteristics in four major kinds of orchards in Shanghai suburb were studied by using the Agro Services International(ASI)method.The results showed that the contents of soil available nitrogen(AN),available phosphorus(AP)and available potassium(AK)were the highest in the vineyard,while were the lowest in the citrus orchard.The characteristics of soil trace elements varied greatly across orchard types.In addition,soil pH was neutral in the vineyards and peach orchard,was slightly alkaline in the citrus orchard,and was slightly acidic in the pear orchard.In general,the soil nutrients characteristics were significantly different among orchard types in the Shanghai suburbs.According to the soil nutrients classification standard with ASI method,the soil nutrients situations in the orchards of the Shanghai suburb was generally at an abundant level.In some orchards,soil nutrients such as AP was at an extrahigh level.Therefore,the current nutrient management strategy in the orchards of Shanghai should be adjusted according to soil nutrient situation and fertilizers should be applied to soil as needed,so as to realize the clean and efficient production of scale orchards in the Shanghai suburb.

关 键 词：土壤养分 科学施肥 葡萄园 桃园 柑橘园 梨园 

分 类 号：S147.2[农业科学—肥料学]