不同补碘措施对育龄妇女碘营养及甲状腺功能的影响  

Study on the Effect of Different Iodine Supplements on Iodine Nutrition and Thyroid Function in Women of Childbearing age

作　　者：黄佳[1,2] 祝宇铭[1] 王琛琛[1] 张荣[1] 林勤[1] 张伟[3] HUANG Jia;ZHU Yuming;WANG Chenchen;ZHANG Rong;LIN Qin;ZHANG Wei

机构地区：[1]新疆维吾尔自治区疾病预防控制中心 [2]新疆医科大学公共卫生学院 [3]中国疾病预防控制中心环境与健康相关产品安全所

出　　处：《环境卫生学杂志》2021年第2期154-158,共5页JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金(2018D01C086)。

摘　　要：目的评价育龄妇女采取强化补碘措施对其自身碘营养水平及其甲状腺功能的影响。方法选取每年2次和每年1次对育龄妇女实施口服碘油丸的喀什地区和阿克苏地区为实验组,以从未投服碘油丸的伊犁地区为对照组,各抽取育龄妇女100名,收集尿液和血液,进行尿碘和游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸(FT3)、游离甲状腺素(FT4)、促甲状腺素(TSH)、抗甲状腺球蛋白抗体(TGAb)、抗甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体(TPOAb)甲功5项的测定。结果喀什地区、阿克苏地区和伊犁地区育龄妇女尿碘中位数分别是631.9、320.7和165.4μg/L;喀什地区育龄妇女FT4水平低于伊犁州(t=4.76,P<0.05),阿克苏地区育龄妇女甲状腺激素3项水平和伊犁州均无统计学意义(P>0.05),3个地区育龄妇女的TgAb阳性率、TPOAb阳性率和双抗体阳性率无统计学意义(P>0.05);喀什地区、阿克苏地区、伊犁地区育龄妇女的低甲状腺素血症、甲状腺功能减退、甲状腺功能亢进、亚临床甲状腺功能亢进患病率无统计学意义(P>0.05),喀什地区亚临床甲状腺功能减退患病率低于伊犁地区且有统计学意义(χ^(2)=7.28,P<0.05)。结论新疆喀什地区、阿克苏地区育龄妇女口服碘油丸使得尿碘在代谢过程中呈现暂时过量状态,但甲状腺功能和伊犁地区无差异,对育龄妇女实施不同补碘措施的策略是科学有效的。Objective To investigate the effect of enhanced iodine supplementation on iodine nutrition and thyroid function in women of childbearing age.Methods A total of 100 women of childbearing age who received oral iodized oil capsules once or twice a year in Kashgar and Aksu of China were selected as experimental group,and 100 women who did not receive iodized oil capsules in Yili of China were selected as control group.Urine and blood samples were collected to measure urinary iodine and five indices of thyroid function,i.e.,free triiodothyronine(FT3),free thyroxine(FT4),thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH),thyroglobulin antibody(TGAb),and thyroid peroxidase antibody(TPOAb).Results The median urinary iodine of the women of childbearing age in Kashgar,Aksu,and Yili were 631.9,320.7,and 165.4μg/L,respectively.The women in Kashgar had a significantly lower level of FT4 than those in Yili(t=4.76,P<0.05),while there were no significant differences in the three thyroid hormones between the women in Aksu and those in Yili(P>0.05).There were no significant differences in TGAb positive rate,TPOAb positive rate,and positive rate of both antibodies among the women in the three regions(P>0.05).There were also no significant differences in the prevalence rates of hypothyroxinemia,hypothyroidism,hyperthyroidism,and subclinical hyperthyroidism among the women in Kashgar,Aksu,and Yili(P>0.05),and the women in Kashgar had a significantly lower prevalence rate of subclinical hypothyroidism than those in Yili(χ^(2)=7.28,P<0.05).Conclusion Oral administration of iodized oil capsules leads to a temporary excessive state of urinary iodine during the metabolic process among women of childbearing age in Kashgar and Aksu,but there is no significant difference in thyroid function among the women in Kashgar and Aksu and those in Yili.The strategy of different iodine supplementation measures for women of childbearing age is scientific and effective.

关 键 词：碘营养 甲状腺功能 补碘 

分 类 号：R12[医药卫生—环境卫生学]