饲粮peNDF对奶公牛反刍、消化、生产性能及瘤胃发酵的影响  

Effects of peNDF in Diet on Ruminating,Digestion,Performance and Rumen Fermentation of Holstein Bulls

作　　者：郝怀志[1,2] 王彩莲 何振富[1] 董俊 郎侠[1,2] HAO Huaizhi;WANG Cailian;HE Zhenfu;DONG Jun;LANG Xia(Animal Husbandry-Pasture and Green Agricultural Institute,Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lanzhou 730070,China;Key Laboratory for Sheep and Cattle Germplasm and Straw Feed in Gansu Province,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省农业科学院畜草与绿色农业研究所,兰州730070 [2]甘肃省牛羊种质与秸秆饲料化重点实验室,兰州730070

出　　处：《中国畜牧兽医》2021年第6期2066-2073,共8页China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0501700);甘肃省农业科学院中青年创新基金项目(2017GAAS83);甘肃省科技重大专项(1602NKDM016);甘肃省现代农业科技支撑体系区域创新中心重点科技项目(2020GAAS05)。

摘　　要：试验通过研究饲粮不同物理有效中性洗涤纤维(peNDF)含量对育肥奶公牛反刍、消化、生产性能和瘤胃发酵的影响,旨在为奶公牛生产中配制适宜peNDF含量的全混合日粮(TMR)提供依据。选择30头11月龄、体重(345.57±23.53)kg、健康的中国荷斯坦奶公牛(未阉割),随机分为试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ组,每组10头,分别饲喂8.00 mm孔径筛上物peNDF(peNDF_(8.00))含量为12.40%、13.75%和14.85%的3种饲粮。结果表明:试验Ⅰ组奶公牛的饲粮采食次数显著高于Ⅱ和Ⅲ组(P<0.05),试验Ⅱ和Ⅲ组反刍时间、每千克干物质和中性洗涤纤维反刍时间显著高于试验Ⅰ组(P<0.05)。3组间干物质采食量(DMI)、peNDF采食量、平均日增重(ADG)、料重比(F/G)及干物质(DM)、粗蛋白质(CP)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)、钙(Ca)和磷(P)表观消化率差异均不显著(P>0.05)。试验Ⅲ组瘤胃pH显著高于Ⅰ和Ⅱ组(P<0.05),而丙酸浓度显著低于其他2组(P<0.05)。试验Ⅱ和Ⅲ组瘤胃乙丙比、乙酸和氨态氮(NH_(3)-N)浓度显著高于试验Ⅰ组(P<0.05)。在本试验条件下,3种不同peNDF_(8.00)水平饲粮对育肥奶公牛生产性能和养分表观消化率影响不显著,饲粮peNDF_(8.00)为13.75%和14.85%时,奶公牛反刍时间、瘤胃乙丙比、乙酸和NH_(3)-N浓度显著增加,可使奶公牛保持较佳瘤胃发酵性能。The experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of peNDF in the diet on ruminating,digestibility,production performance,and rumen fermentation of Holstein bulls,to provide a basis for the formulation of TMR with suitable content of peNDF in fattening bulls.30 healthy Chinese holstein bulls(no castrated)at 11 months of age and weighted 345.57 kg±23.53 kg had been selected and randomly divided into 3 groups,groupⅠ,Ⅱ,andⅢ,feeding peNDF_(8.00) at the content of 12.40%,13.75%,and 14.85%,respectively.The results showed that the diet intake frequency of groupⅠwas significantly higher than groupⅡandⅢ(P<0.05),while the regurgitation time and the regurgitation time per kg DM and NDF of groupⅡandⅢwas significantly higher than groupⅠ(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in DMI,the peNDF intake,ADG,and F/G,as well as the apparent digestibility of DM,CP,NDF,ADF,Ca,and P among 3 groups(P>0.05).GroupⅢhad the significantly higher rumen pH but the significant lower propionic acid content than the others.The acetic acid concentration,ration of acetic acid to propionic acid(A/P),and the NH_(3)-N concentration of groupⅡandⅢin rumen were significantly higher than groupⅠ(P<0.05).In the present experiment conditions,3 different peNDF_(8.00) content of the diet did not affect the product performance and the apparent digestibilities of nutrients of Holstein bulls,meanwhile,feeding by the peNDF_(8.00) content of 13.75%and 14.85%,the fattening Holstein bulls could have a better rumen fermentation performance with the increasing rumination time,the acetic acid concentration,A/P,and the NH_(3)-N concentration.

关 键 词：物理有效中性洗涤纤维(peNDF) 中国荷斯坦奶公牛 反刍 生产性能 瘤胃发酵 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]