3个主栽花椒品种的抗寒性评价  

Evaluation of the cold resistance capability of three different cultivars of Zanthoxylum bungeanum

作　　者：刘胜元 张明忠 王华田[1,2] 刘秀梅 战中才[4] LIU Shengyuan;ZHANG Mingzhong;WANG Huatian;LIU Xiumei;ZHAN Zhongcai(State Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Silviculture in Downstream Areas of the Yellow River,Tai'an,Shandong 271018,China;College of Forestry,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai'an,Shandong 271018,China;Shanghai Environment College,Shanghai 200135,China;Taishan Institute of Science and Technology,Tai'an,Shandong 271000,China)

机构地区：[1]黄河下游森林培育国家林业和草原局重点实验室,山东泰安271018 [2]山东农业大学林学院,山东泰安271018 [3]上海市环境学校,上海200135 [4]泰山林业科学研究科院,山东泰安271000

出　　处：《森林与环境学报》2021年第4期388-395,共8页Journal of Forest and Environment

基　　金：山东省重点研发计划(林业科技创新)项目“优良乡土树种高效培育与示范”(2019LY001)子课题“花椒良种选育与高效栽培技术集成”;山东省农业科技基金项目(林业科技创新2019LY004)。

摘　　要：为建立快速、准确、经济的花椒抗寒评价体系,筛选出抗寒花椒品种,以泰安市主栽的3年生‘狮子头’、‘莱芜少刺’和‘凤椒’3个花椒品种的枝叶作为试验材料,设置4(CK)、2、0、-2和-4℃五个温度梯度,研究在低温胁迫后花椒枝叶的保护酶活性、渗透调节物质和有害物质积累等生理指标变化,用隶属函数法评价3个主栽花椒品种的抗寒性。结果表明:受低温胁迫后,3个品种花椒叶片的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量均呈"S"形变化,相关性分析表明,SOD活性与MDA含量呈显著负相关关系(P<0.05),与可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白和脯氨酸(Pro)含量呈极显著正相关关系(P<0.01);POD活性与可溶性蛋白含量呈显著正相关关系(P<0.05)。可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白和Pro等渗透调节物质的含量随温度降低有升高趋势,这3种渗透调节物质含量与叶绿素含量呈显著负相关关系(P<0.05),但与叶片相对电导率(REC)呈显著正相关关系(P<0.05)。REC随着温度降低呈逐渐升高的变化趋势,用Logistic方程对低温胁迫后的叶片REC进行拟合,LT_(50)分布在-3.896~-5.038℃。隶属函数综合评价结果表明,3个主栽花椒品种的抗寒性大小为‘莱芜少刺’>‘狮子头’>‘凤椒’。The protective enzyme activity,osmotic adjustment substance changes,and accumulation of harmful substances in the branches and leaves of different varieties of Zanthoxylum bungeanum under low temperature stress in Tai’an,Shandong,were studied to inform the selection of superior Z.bungeanum varieties in this area.Three-year-old Z.bungeanum‘Shizitou’,Z.bungeanum‘Laiwushaoci’,and Z.bungeanum‘Fengjiao’were used astest materials.Temperatures of 4(CK),2,0,-2,and-4℃were tested to compare the responses of the different physiological indicators to low temperature stress for facilitating the selection of cold-resistant Z.bungeanum varieties.The superoxidase dismutase and peroxidase activity,and the malondialdehyde content in all three Z.bungeanum varieties showed S-shaped responses.Correlation analysis showed that superoxide dismutase was significantly negatively correlated with malondialdehyde,and highly significantly positively correlated with soluble sugar,soluble protein,and proline.Peroxidase was significantly positively correlated with soluble protein.The osmotic adjustment substances(soluble sugar,soluble protein,and proline)tended to increase with a decreasing temperature,and showed significant negative correlations with chlorophyll content but significant positive correlations with leaf electrical conductivity.The electrical conductivity gradually increased as the temperature decreased.A Logistic equation was used to fit the leaf REC after low temperature stress,and the LT50 was distributed between-3.896 and-5.038℃.The comprehensive evaluation results of the membership function showed that the order of cold resistance of the three Z.bungeanum varieties was:‘Laiwushaoci’>‘Shizitou’>‘Fengjiao’.Protective enzyme activity,reactive oxygen species,and osmotic adjustment substances are key factors that control the low temperature stress tolerance of Z.bungeanum.The determination of different physiological and biochemical indicators is important for evaluating the tolerance and adaptability o

关 键 词：泰安市 花椒 低温胁迫 生理响应 LOGISTIC方程 隶属函数 

分 类 号：S727.3[农业科学—林木遗传育种]