3种花卉单种或混种对后茬显齿蛇葡萄生长及其重金属含量的影响  

Effects of Single Cropping or Intercropping of Three Flower Plants on Growth and Heavy Metal Uptake of the Succession Crop Ampelopsis grossedentata

作　　者：向阳 向言词 任海[3] 简曙光[3] 王瑞江[3] 向建华 胡伟 XIANG Yang;XIANG Yan-ci;RENHai;JIAN Shu-guang;WANG Rui-jiang;XIANG Jian-hua;HU Wei(Agricultural Bureau of Yongshun County,Yongshun 416700,PRC;School of Architecture and Art Design,Hunan University of Science and Technology,Xiangtan 411201,PRC;South China Botanical Garden,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510650,PRC)

机构地区：[1]永顺县农业局,湖南永顺416700 [2]湖南科技大学建筑与艺术设计学院风景园林系,湖南湘潭411201 [3]中国科学院华南植物园,广东广州510650

出　　处：《湖南农业科学》2021年第4期35-38,46,共5页Hunan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31671628);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(A类)(XDA13020602,XDA13020503);湖南省自然科学基金(2020JJ4294,2020JJ6025,2018JJ1347);湖南省教育厅开放基金(15K046)。

摘　　要：以猪屎豆(Crotalaria mucronata)、紫茉莉(Mirabilis jalapa)及青葙(Celosia argentea)这3种花卉为研究对象,在重金属中度污染耕地开展田间试验,研究3种花卉植物单种或混种对后茬作物显齿蛇葡萄(Ampelopsis grossedentata)生长和吸收重金属的影响,探索显齿蛇葡萄在重金属中度污染耕地上安全栽培的可行性。结果表明:猪屎豆、紫茉莉与青葙两两间种和三者混种使土壤铅、镉、铜和镍的DTPA提取态含量显著下降;猪屎豆、紫茉莉与青葙三者混种使后茬作物显齿蛇葡萄的根、茎和叶的生物量显著增加;紫茉莉分别与猪屎豆、青葙间种和三者混种使后茬显齿蛇葡萄的铅和镉含量显著下降,其叶中铅和镉含量均低于国家限量标准;猪屎豆、紫茉莉和青葙两两间种和三者混种使后茬显齿蛇葡萄的镍含量显著下降。鉴于轮种对显齿蛇葡萄的生物量与吸收重金属的影响,建议将猪屎豆、紫茉莉和青葙三者混种模式作为阻控后茬显齿蛇葡萄从污染耕地吸收重金属的优势组合模式。To explore the feasibility of Ampelopsis grossedentata safe cultivation on heavy metals moderately polluted lands,the field experiment was carried out on an abandoned farmland with moderate heavy metal pollution to study the effects of single cropping or intercropping of three flower species Crotalaria mucronata,Mirabilis jalapa and Celosia argentea on the growth and heavy metal absorption of the succession crop Ampelopsis grossedentata.The results showed that intercropping of these two or three flower species significantly reduced the DTPA-extractable concentrations of Pb,Cd,Cu and Ni in soils.Compared with the control(single cropping of A.grossedentata),the co-intercropping of these three flower species led to the significant increase of biomass of A.grossedentata root,stem and leaf.Intercropping of M.jalapa with C.mucronata or with C.argentea and co-intercropping of the three flower species all significantly reduced Pb and Cd contents in the A.grossedentata plants,particularly,Pb and Cd contents in the A.grossedentata leaves were respectively lower than the national limit standard currently permissible for foods.Intercropping of C.argentea with C.mucronata or with M.jalapa and co-intercropping of the three flower species all significantly reduced Ni content in A.grossedentata plants.In view of the effects of crop rotation on biomass and heavy metal uptake of A.grossedentata,co-intercropping of these three flower species is the optimal mode for controlling heavy metal uptake of A.grossedentata planted on heavy metal-contaminated farmlands.

关 键 词：猪屎豆 紫茉莉 青葙 显齿蛇葡萄 轮种 重金属 

分 类 号：S344.1[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术]