近钻头冲击器对定向钻进中造斜率的影响规律  

Effect of Near-bit Impactor on Build-up Rate in Directional Drilling

作　　者：张文平[1,2] 王恒 孙德兴[3] 黄河淳 尹慧博 赵建军[1,2] 崔晓杰[1,2] Zhang Wenping;Wang Heng;Sun Dexing;Huang Hechun;Ying Huibo;Zhao Jianjun;Cui Xiaojie(Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Engineering;State Key Laboratory of Shale Oil and Gas Enrichment Mechanisms and Effective Development;70871 HD Drilling Crew of Sinopec Huadong Petroleum Engineering Co.,Ltd.;Petroleum Engineering Research Institute of Sinopec Southwest Oil and Gas Company)

机构地区：[1]中国石化石油工程技术研究院 [2]页岩油气富集机理与有效开发国家重点实验室 [3]中国石化华东石油工程有限公司70871HD钻井队 [4]中国石化西南油气分公司石油工程技术研究院

出　　处：《石油机械》2021年第7期45-52,共8页China Petroleum Machinery

基　　金：中石化科技部攻关项目“三维复合冲击破岩工具的研制”(P18001-8)。

摘　　要：近钻头冲击器是一种连接在螺杆与钻头之间的冲击型钻井提速工具,但是目前此类工具在定向过程中对造斜率的影响规律尚不清楚。为此,采用三点定圆法和等效梁柱法,分别计算定向钻具组合(BHA)的理论造斜率和钻头侧向力,研究有、无近钻头冲击器两种工况下侧向力和造斜率的变化规律,得出如下结论:近钻头冲击器增加了下部稳定器与钻头的距离,降低了常规定向BHA的理论造斜率和钻头侧向力;定向BHA的钻头侧向力随着井斜角和螺杆弯角的增加而增大,近钻头冲击器对其造斜能力的影响程度也随之增加。现场试验结果验证了模型和分析的正确性,在定向钻进过程中使用近钻头冲击器要考虑其对造斜率的影响,可提前增加螺杆的结构弯角以确保足够的造斜能力。研究结果可为近钻头冲击器的现场应用提供一定理论支撑和指导。The near-bit impactor is a type of tool installed between the positive displacement motor(PDM)and the bit to improve the rate of penetration(ROP),but the effect of it on build-up rate in directional drilling is still unclear.Therefore,the three-point fixed circle method and the equivalent beam-column method were used to calculate the theoretical build-up rate and the bit side force of the directional tool assembly respectively,and study the variation law of the side force and the build-up rate under the working conditions with and without near-bit impactor.The main conclusions are obtained as follows:the near-bit impactor increases the distance between the lower stabilizer and the bit,and reduces the theoretical build-up rate and the bit side force of conventional directional BHA;the bit side force of directional BHA increases with the increase of hole angle and PDM bend angle,and the influence of near-bit impactor on the build-up capacity also increases correspondingly.The field test results verify the correctness of the model and analysis.In the process of directional drilling,when the near-bit impactor is used,the influence of it on the build-up rate should be considered,and the structural bend angle of the PDM can be increased in advance to ensure sufficient build-up capacity.The research results provide a certain theoretical support and guidance for the field application of near bit impactor.

关 键 词：近钻头冲击器 钻头侧向力 造斜率 定向钻具组合 等效梁柱法 

分 类 号：TE921[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]