基于FLUENT对风环境模拟的厦门岛道路植物景观种植策略  

Planting Strategies of Road Plant Landscape in Xiamen Island Based on FLUENT Simulation of Wind Environment

作　　者：祖笑艳 张颖[1] 李冠衡[1] Zu Xiaoyan;Zhang Ying;Li Guanheng(School of Landscape Architecture,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学园林学院,北京100083

出　　处：《中国城市林业》2021年第3期78-84,共7页Journal of Chinese Urban Forestry

基　　金：“1614号台风对厦门市园林绿化危害情况的调查研究”(200-631702047);城乡生态环境北京实验室;“北京林业大学建设世界一流学科和特色发展引导专项资金”(2019XKJS0320);国家留学基金委资助项目。

摘　　要：文章对"莫兰蒂(MERANTI)"台风后厦门岛典型道路植物景观风损情况及植物种植参数进行实地调查和分析,借助CAD和FLUENT软件对行道树种植参数进行模拟,探讨不同高度、冠幅和株距等不同种植参数下其在风环境中的受力和适应性。结果表明:行道树的抗风性能表现与种植参数有关,通过适当的种植参数调整可大大降低风损率及风损级别,提高道路植物景观整体的抗风性能;行道树高度选择9~11 m,种植株距不小于0.8倍冠幅且不大于1.5倍冠幅较为适宜,其抗风性能表现最佳;同时,风损也不可避免地受到树种、种植结构等其他因素影响。基于前期数据模拟及结果分析,文章从树种选择、树种高度、株距和种植结构等角度为厦门岛提出相应的种植策略和树种建议,以期为厦门岛及其临近易受台风影响地区的灾后道路植物景观修复及规划提供参考。Field investigation and analysis of the wind damage to typical road plants in Xiamen Island after the typhoon“MERANTI”are implemented using CAD and FLUENT software to simulate the planting parameters of street trees and to explore the stress and adaptability of street trees under different planting parameters including height,canopy diameter and plant spacing in the road wind environment.The results show that the wind performance of street trees is related to planting parameters.The wind loss rate and wind damage level can be greatly reduced and the overall wind resistance of the road plant landscape can be improved by appropriate planting parameter adjustment.The wind performance is the best when the height of street trees is 9-11 m and the planting distance not less than 0.8 times and not more than 1.5 times of the crown width.At the same time,wind damage is inevitably affected by other factors such as tree species and planting structure.Based on the data simulation and its results analysis,the corresponding planting strategies and tree species choice suggestions are proposed for Xiamen Island from the perspectives of tree species,tree height,plant spacing and planting structure.We hope the research could provide references for the restoration and planning of post-disaster road plant landscape in Xiamen Island and its adjacent typhoon-affected areas.

关 键 词：道路植物景观 抗风性研究 FLUENT 种植参数 种植策略 树种推荐 厦门岛 

分 类 号：S731.8[农业科学—林学]