废三元锂电池碳热还原焙烧热解研究  

Study on Carbothermal Reduction Roasting and Pyrolysis of Waste Ternary Lithium Battery

作　　者：邓超群 王海北 刘三平 周起帆 李强 DENG Chao-qun;WANG Hai-bei;LIU San-ping;ZHOU Qi-fan;LI Qiang(BGRIMM Technology Group,Beijing 100160,China)

机构地区：[1]矿冶科技集团有限公司,北京100160

出　　处：《有色金属（冶炼部分）》2021年第7期98-104,共7页Nonferrous Metals（Extractive Metallurgy)

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1903103);矿冶科技集团有限公司基金资助项目(04-1907)。

摘　　要：以废三元锂离子电池正负极片为原料,采用碳热还原焙烧—水浸联合法,通过热力学、TG-DSC分析,结合XRD、SEM-EDS等表征手段,为正极活性材料与铜铝箔之间热解分离、有价金属(Ni、Co、Mn)的还原及Li的优先提取进行相关理论研究分析,并简单分析了P和F的走向。结果表明,正极活性材料有价金属碳热还原理论上是可行的,且经XRD、SEM-EDS表征,焙烧后有价金属Ni、Co、Mn主要以金属或金属氧化物形式存在,Li则以Li_(2)CO_(3)形式存在,且Ni、Co、Mn含量分布不均匀。在碳含量27.33%、焙烧温度650℃和焙烧时间2.5h的最佳条件下,Li的浸出率达到83.17%,但该条件下,正极活性材料与铜铝箔分离效果不是很好,给后续酸浸净化回收Ni、Co、Mn带来一定的麻烦;P和F的走向为原料→焙烧料→水浸渣。Applying spent ternary LIBs anode and cathode pieces as raw materials and carbothermal reduction roasting-water immersion method to theoretically research and analysis pyrolysis separation between cathode active material and Cu-Al foil,reduction of valuable metals(Ni,Co,Mn)and priority extraction of Li through thermodynamics,TG-DSC analysis,combined with XRD,SEM-EDS and other characterization methods.The trend of P and F was also simply analyzed.It is concluded that carbothermic reduction of valuable metal of cathode active material is theoretically feasible,and after XRD and SEMEDS characterization,valuable metals of Ni,Co and Mn mainly exist in form of metal or metal oxide after roasting,while Li exists in form of Li_(2)CO_(3),and content of Ni,Co,Mn is unevenly distributed.Under the optimal conditions of carbon content of 27.33%,roasting temperature of 650℃and roasting time of2.5 h,Li leaching rate is 83.17%,however,separation effect of cathode active material and Cu-Al foil is not very good,which brings certain troubles to subsequent acid leaching purification and recovery of Ni,Co and Mn.The trend of P and F is raw material→roasting material→water-soaked residue.

关 键 词：废三元锂电池 正负极片 碳热还原法 热解 优先提锂 

分 类 号：X758[环境科学与工程—环境工程]