4378名老年人虚弱现状及影响因素分析  

Analysis of the Frailty Status and Influencing Factors of 4378 Old People

作　　者：程学敏 张为[1] 梁梅[1] 杨泽[2] 庞国防[1] 胡才友[1] CHENG Xuemin;ZHANG Wei;LIANG Mei;YANG Ze;PANG Guofang;HU Caiyou(Jiangbin Hospital, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530021;The MOH Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National center for gerontology, Beijing 100730, China)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区江滨医院,530021 [2]国家卫生健康委北京老年医学研究所,国家老年医学中心,北京医院,100730

出　　处：《中国老年保健医学》2021年第3期8-11,共4页Chinese Journal of Geriatric Care

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(9184910151,81870552,81400790,81460203,3176029,81571385,91849132,81872096);国家重点研发计划重点专项项目(2018YFC2000400);广西自然科学基金(2014GXNSFDA118028,2018GXNSFAA138156,桂科自0991198);广西壮族自治区卫生和计划生育委员会自筹经费科研课题(Z20170162);北京医院创新项目(BJ-2018-139);中国医学科学院研究院基金(2018RC330003)。

摘　　要：目的探讨老年人的虚弱现状及其影响因素。方法收集2012年2月至2015年7月期间住院的4378例老年患者的资料,按虚弱指数分为无虚弱、亚虚弱、虚弱3组,进行统计学分析。结果入组的老年患者中,虚弱组占40.86%,亚虚弱组占18.25%,无虚弱组占40.89%。此外,虚弱组中高龄患者更多见(年龄≥75岁者超过50%),各种常见慢性疾病的患病率更高,而受教育年限<9年、生活自理、进行日常运动的人数则少于对照组。进一步的多因素Logistic回归分析显示,年龄≥65岁、不能生活自理、慢性疾病≥3种是老年患者发生虚弱的独立危险因素,而运动及饮酒可能是保护因素(P<0.05)。结论目前我国老年虚弱的患病率较高,并随着人口老龄化的发展而增加,而且慢性疾病、照料方式、心理因素等因素都可能影响老年人的虚弱状态。Objective To explore the current situation and influencing factors of the frailty of the elderly.Methods Data of 4378 elderly patients who were hospitalized from February 2012 to July 2015 were collected and divided into three groups according to the frailty index:no frailty,pre-frailty and frailty,and then statistically analyzed.Results Among elderly patients,the frailty group was 40.86%,the pre-frailty group was 18.25%,and the non-frailty group was 40.89%.In addition,the frailty group was more likely to be elderly(more than 50%of those aged 75 years or older),to have a higher prevalence of various common chronic diseases,and to have fewer people with less than 9 years of education,to be self-dependent,and to engage in daily exercise.Further multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age≥65 years old,unable to take care of themselves,and more than three chronic diseases were independent risk factors for the elderly patients to develop weakness,while exercise and alcohol consumption may be protective factors(P<0.05).Conclusion The prevalence of senile frailty is high in China,and it increases with the development of population aging,and chronic diseases,nursing methods,psychological factors and other factors may affect the frailty of the elderly.

关 键 词：老年人 虚弱 影响因素 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]