社区老年人高血压患病现状及特点研究  

Study on the prevalence and characteristics of hypertension among the elderly in communities

作　　者：梁硕林 庞国防[1] 杨泽[2] 胡才友[1] LIANG Shuolin;PANG Guofang;YANG Ze;HU Caiyou(Jiangbin hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530021;National Health Commission, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, National geriatrics center, Beijing hospital, Beijing 100730, China)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区江滨医院,530021 [2]国家卫生健康委北京老年医学研究所,国家老年医学中心,北京医院,100730

出　　处：《中国老年保健医学》2021年第3期12-14,共3页Chinese Journal of Geriatric Care

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(9184910151,81870552,81400790,81460203,3176029,81571385,91849132,81872096);国家重点研发计划重点专项项目(2018YFC2000400);广西自然科学基金(2014GXNSFDA118028,2018GXNSFAA138156,桂科自0991198);广西壮族自治区卫生和计划生育委员会自筹经费科研课题(Z20170162);北京医院创新项目(BJ-2018-139);中国医学科学院研究院基金(2018RC330003)。

摘　　要：目的了解老年人高血压患病现状及相关危险因素,为我国老年人心脑血管疾病防控工作提供参考。方法在北京、南宁、宁夏多地社区抽取年龄≥65岁的3454名受访者作为调查对象,分析高血压患病现状及特点,采用卡方检验和logistic回归分析方法对相关影响因素进行分析。结果在调查的3454名老年人中,男女患病率分别为53.10%、55.69%;高血压患病率随年龄增长呈上升趋势,不同年龄组间患病率差异存在统计学意义(χ^(2)=165.63,P<0.001);随着文化程度的增高,中国老年人高血压患病率呈上升趋势,不同文化程度老年人组间高血压患病率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=32.00,P<0.001)。通过多因素非条件logistic回归分析显示,女性、年龄增大、高文化程度、吸烟、饮酒、糖尿病、脑卒中、心律失常、心功能不全与老年人高血压密切相关。结论应加强对中国老年人血压监测及健康管理,积极开展老年高血压病患者及高危人群健康教育与生活方式干预。Objective Analysis of the prevalence of hypertension and related risk factors to prevent cardiovascular disease in the elderly.Methods In Beijing,Guangxi Province,and Ningxia Province,3454 patients aged≥65 years were surveyed,Use chi-square test and logistic regression analysis method to analyze risk factors.Results Among the 3454 elderly people surveyed,the male and female prevalence rates were 53.10%and 55.69%respectively;The prevalence of hypertension is increasing with age,and the prevalence among different age groups is statistically significant(χ^(2)=165.63,P<0.001);With the increase of educational level,the prevalence of hypertension in the elderly in China is on the rise,and there is a statistically significant difference in the prevalence of hypertension among elderly groups of different educational levels(χ^(2)=32.00,P<0.001).Through multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis,the results showed that women,age,high education level,smoking,drinking,stroke,diabetes,arrhythmia,and cardiac insufficiency are independent risk factors for hypertension in the elderly.Conclusion The blood pressure monitoring and health management of the elderly in China,especially women,highly educated,smoking,drinking,stroke,arrhythmia,and cardiac insufficiency,should be strengthened,initiate health education and lifestyle interventions for elderly hypertensive patients.

关 键 词：老年 高血压 患病率 危险因素 

分 类 号：R54[医药卫生—心血管疾病]