贵州气候干湿状况及影响因素分析  

Analysis on the Status of Dry-wet Climate and the Influence Factors in Guizhou

作　　者：张波 曹华[3] 吴战平 刘宇鹏 Zhang Bo;Cao Hua;Wu Zhanping;Liu Yupeng(Guizhou Institute of Mountainous Environment and Climate,Guiyang 550002,China;Guizhou Key Laboratory of Mountainous Climate and Resources,Guiyang 550002,China;Guizhou Meteorological Information Center,Guiyang 550002,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省山地环境气候研究所,贵阳550002 [2]贵州省山地气候与资源重点实验室,贵阳550002 [3]贵州省气象信息中心,贵阳550002

出　　处：《气象与环境科学》2021年第3期39-46,共8页Meteorological and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：贵州省高层次创新人才培养[黔科合人才(2016)]4026号;贵州省气象局科研业务项目黔气科登[2020]0313号。

摘　　要：基于贵州85个气象观测站19612015年逐日气象资料,采用相对湿润度指数、线性趋势、M-K突变检验和空间分析等方法研究了近55年贵州地区气候干湿变化特征及其影响因素。结果表明:贵州相对湿润度指数多年平均值为77.8%,属于湿润区;近55年相对湿润度指数呈不显著的递减趋势,递减趋势为1.8%/10a,并在1979年发生突变;季节变化差异显著,春季和秋季气候呈显著由湿变干的趋势,冬季有明显的湿润区和半干旱区。影响贵州气候干湿的主要因子是降水量、相对湿度、日照时数和太阳辐射。Based on the daily meteorological data of 85 meteorological stations in Guizhou during 19612015,the dry-wet climate and spatio-temporal variation characteristics in Guizhou in the past 55 years are studied by using the relative humidity index,linear trend,M-K mutation test and spatial analysis.The results show that the Guizhou relative humidity index in the past 55 years is 77.8%on average,belonging to the humid area.It shows an insignificant decreasing trend by time,with the decreasing trend of 1.8%/10a,and the mutation occurred in 1979.The seasonal variation is significant,and the climate in spring and autumn obviously changes from wet to dry.There are obvious climatic humid zones and semi-arid regions in winter.The main factors affecting the climate of Guizhou are precipitation,relative humidity,sunshine hours and solar radiation.

关 键 词：贵州 相对湿润度指数 潜在蒸散量 气候干湿 影响因素 

分 类 号：S162.1[农业科学—农业气象学]